형식명사「こと·もの·の」의 한국어 대응관계

Abstract

Formal nouns has important functions to deliver the speaker's will or to change the purpose and the nuance of expression. Among them, 「こと(koto)・もの(mono)・の(no)」have been thought simply to correspond to geot(것), Korean dependent noun. So, there were a lot of misuse by choosing and using one among「こと(koto)・もの(mono)・の(no)」. Actually we may overlook such misuse as the influence of interference by the learner's native language in studying a foreign language. But this misuse, above all things, is caused by Korean Japanese learner's lack of understanding about each meaning and use of 「こと(koto)・もの(mono)・の(no)」. In this article, I've looked into about each meaning and use of formal nouns「こと(koto)・もの(mono)・の(no)」, being based on such problems and I've considered and analyzed how they correspond to Korean by making the database on the sentences with formal nouns 「こと(koto)・もの(mono)・の(no)」 in Japanese modern novels and Korean expression corresponding to them. As the result, I've found that formal nouns 「こと(koto)・もの(mono)・の(no)」which Korean Japanese learners misunderstand as 「geot(것)」and misuse correspond to various expressions in Korean, that is, dependent nouns as 「geot(것), su(수), juk(적), de(데), li(리)」, substantial nouns as 「il(일), yiyagi(이야기), mal(말), sori(소리), Jit(짓)」, suffixes as 「-ji(지), -gi(기), -ge(게), -nga(ㄴ가), -eoseo(어서)」,「no correspondence」which has no connection with Korean and so on. Also the most remarkable thing of this article, after considering, is the fact that the corresponding rates of 「こと(koto)・もの(mono)・の(no)」 are high equally in no correspondence. We can think the fact that the cases of no correspondence are many suggests it is unreasonable to connect 「こと(koto)・もの(mono)・の(no)」 to Korean dependent nouns. Sometimes it is more natural to translate them freely or omit them. So it is necessary to make learners understand there is the case that 「こと(koto)・もの(mono)・の(no)」don't correspond to Korean dependent nouns. I've considered Korean corresponding to 「こと(koto)・もの(mono)・の(no)」 by type in detail. There is, however, the critical point to see the corresponding relation between Japanese and Korean only in one literary work. Therefore, here after, it is necessary to increase examples about it and consider them. So, I'll make this as my later subject.