Isolation and Characterization of Anti-MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) Substances from Marine Organisms
- Alternative Title
- 해양 생물체로부터 MRSA에 대한 항균물질의 분리 및 특성
- Abstract
- 현재 병원 감염의 주 원인균이며 기존 항생제에 다제내성인 MRSA가 문제되고 있다. 이에 대한 MRSA의 치료제로 반코마이신이 사용되고 있으나 그 사용이 아주 제한적이며 최근에 반코마이신에 대한 내성 균주가 출현하여 새로운 항생제 개발이 요구되고 있다. 해양 생물의 경우에는 토양과 달리 그 서식처가 특수 서식환경으로 지금까지 알려지지 않았던 생리기능성 물질들을 가지고 있으며 현재 많은 보고가 되고 있다. 이러한 해양 유래 천연물들은 새로운 항생제 개발 등에 대한 많은 가능성을 제시해주고 있으며 해양 생물로부터 MRSA에 대하여 뛰어난 항균력을 가진 물질을 분리하게 된다면 새로운 구조나 작용 메카니즘을 가진 새로운 항생물질일 가능성이 높다.
따라서 본 연구에서는 해양생물체로부터 MRSA에 대한 항균력을 가지는 물질을 분리하고 그 물질의 항균 특성 등에 대하여 조사하였다. 갈조류인 Ecklonia stolonifera 로부터 분리한 dieckol은 MRSA에 대해 항균효과를 가졌으며 MIC 32~64 μg/ml의 값을 나타내었다. E. stolonifera 로부터 분리한 dieckol과 β-lactam계 항생제인 ampicillin과 penicillin과의 병용사용 실험결과 이 두 항생제에 대해 높은 synergy 효과를 가지는 것을 알 수 있었다. MRSA에 대한 항균력을 나타내는 해양 세균을 탐색한 결과 Pseudomonas sp. UJ-6을 분리할 수 있었다. Pseudomonas sp. UJ-6 로부터 가추출한 ethyl acetate extract는 높은 열처리에도 불구하고 95%이상의 활성을 유지하였으며 MRSA의 세포벽을 파괴시키는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 Pseudomonas sp. UJ-6 로부터 MRSA에 대한 항균효과를 가지는 eudistomin 계열의 1-acetyl-beta-carboline을 분리하였으며 MRSA에 대한 MIC는 32~64 μg/ml의 범위로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로부터 선발된 물질들은 MRSA에 대한 치료제 개발에 있어서 유용하게 이용될 수 있을 것이며, 산업적 이용 가능성도 클 것으로 사료된다.
It has been attempting to discover a compound evidencing antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from marine organisms. Anti-MRSA activities of dieckol isolated from Ecklonia stolonifera and 1-acetyl-beta-carboline isolated from Pseudomonas sp. UJ-6 were investigated. In order to identify an anti-MRSA substance from the solvent soluble fractions of E. stolonifera and Pseudomonas sp. UJ-6, a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 1H-, 13C-, and 2D-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) and LC-mass analyses were performed. 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopic assignment analyses were performed using correlation spectroscopy (COSY), gradient heteronuclear single quantum coherence (gHSQC), and gradient heteronuclear multiple bond coherence (gHMBC).
The dieckol purely isolated from E. stolonifera exhibited the antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and MRSA. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of dieckol were determined to range 32 to 64 μg/ml against the standard MSSA and MRSA strains. Furthermore, less than 16 μg/ml of dieckol obviously reversed the high level resistance of MRSA to ampicillin and penicillin. The MICs of ampicillin against two standard MRSA strains were dramatically dropped from 512 to 0.5 μg/ml in combination with 1/4 MIC of dieckol (16 μg/ml). The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indices of ampicillin and penicillin were from 0.066 to 0.266 in combination with 8 or 16 μg/ml of dieckol against all MRSA strains tested, indicating synergistic effect in dieckol- ampicillin or penicillin combination against MRSA.
It was isolated a marine bacterium, Pseudomonas sp. UJ-6, which produced a bactericidal antibiotics against MRSA. This strain was tested by examining its morphological and biochemical properties and 16S rDNA sequencing analysis for identification. The strain UJ-6 was identified to be Pseudomonas genus. Pseudomonas sp. UJ-6 relatively grows well in the range of 20-30℃, pH 5.0-8.0 and NaCl 0-3%. The culture broth and its ethyl acetate extract exhibited a bactericidal activity against MRSA. An abnormal cell lysis of MRSA was observed when MRSA cells were grown in the presence of extract. The extract kept over 95% of its activity after heat treatment for 15 min at 121℃, suggesting that a thermal stable antibiotic is produced by Pseudomonas sp. UJ-6, even tough most known antibiotics are unstable to thermal stress. 1-acetyl-beta-carboline isolated from Pseudomonas sp. UJ-6 showed an antibacterial activity against MRSA strains tested with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 32 to 64 ㎍/ml.
- Author(s)
- Lee, Dae Sung
- Issued Date
- 2009
- Awarded Date
- 2009. 2
- Type
- Dissertation
- Publisher
- 부경대학교 대학원
- URI
- https://repository.pknu.ac.kr:8443/handle/2021.oak/10573
http://pknu.dcollection.net/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000001954712
- Alternative Author(s)
- 이대성
- Affiliation
- 부경대학교 대학원
- Department
- 대학원 미생물학과
- Advisor
- 이원재
- Table Of Contents
- Chapter 1. General Introduction of MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) = 1
1. Emerging of Antibiotic resistance = 2
2. Introduction and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus = 3
3. Mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antibiotics = 5
4. Prevalence of MRSA = 10
5. Strategies for overcoming antibiotic resistance in bacteria = 14
5.1. Synthesis of new chemical entities = 15
5.2. Screening NCEs for new antibiotics = 19
5.3. Synergistic effect by combination with commercial antibiotics = 20
5.4. The genomics revolution = 21
5.5. Bacteriophages = 22
6. The objectives of this study = 24
Chapter 2. Materials and methods = 25
1. Bacterial strains and medium = 26
2. Detection of mecA gene = 26
3. Measurement of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 27
4. Isolation of anti-MRSA substances from Ecklonia stolonifera = 28
4.1. Analytical methods = 28
4.2. Isolation of dieckol = 28
5. Synergistic effects between dieckol and β-lactams against MSSA and MRSA = 31
6. Isolation and characterization of anti-MRSA substances-producing microorganisms = 32
6.1. Isolation of anti-MRSA substance-producing microorganisms = 32
6.2. Identification of anti-MRSA substance-producing microorganisms = 32
6.3. Optimum culture conditions of Pseudomonas sp. UJ-6 = 33
6.4. Anti-MRSA activity of Pseudomonas sp. UJ-6 culture = 34
7. Properties of the crude extract from Pseudomonas sp. UJ-6 = 35
7.1. Preparation of anti-MRSA substance from Pseudomonas sp. UJ-6 culture = 35
7.2. Effect of the crude extract on MRSA cell morphology = 35
7.3. General characteristics of the crude extract = 35
8. Isolation and structure elucidation of anti-MRSA compound in the culture broth of Pseudomonas sp. UJ-6 = 36
8.1. Instrumental analyses = 36
8.2. Isolations of anti-MRSA compound = 37
9. Presentation of data = 37
Chapter 3. Results and Discussion = 39
Part 1. Isolation and characterization of anti-MRSA substances from E. stolonifera = 40
1. Identification of an antibacterial substance against MRSA = 40
2. Antibacterial activity of dieckol = 43
3. Synergic effects between dieckol and β-lactams against MSSA and MRSA = 49
Part 2. Isolation and characterization of anti-MRSA substances from marine bacterium, Pseudomonas sp. UJ-6 = 54
1. Isolation of an anti-MRSA substance-producing microorganism = 54
2. Identification of an anti-MRSA substance-producing microorganism = 54
3. Optimum culture conditions of Pseudomonas sp. UJ-6 = 61
4. Anti-MRSA activity of Pseudomonas sp. UJ-6 = 61
5. Effect of the ethyl acetate extract on MRSA cell morphology = 68
6. Thermal and pH stability of the ethyl acetate extract = 68
7. Isolation of anti-MRSA compound = 70
8. Structure determination of anti-MRSA compound 2 = 72
Chapter 4. Summary and Conclusion = 88
References = 92
- Degree
- Doctor
-
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