「戯作三昧」에 있어서의 에 대한 고찰

Abstract

「Gesakuzannmai」is a serial story published serially in a newspaper 『Osaka Mainichi Sinbun』over fifteen installments from October 20, 1917 to November 4. In the then literary circles, climate which an artist's creative attitude is regarded as a serious problem spread widely, and as Akutagawa failed in 「Chuto」(『Cyuokoron』April～July, 1917 ), a work which he wrote very enthusiastically, he reflected on his attitude as an artist and tried recovery, which is led to a motive of 「Gesakuzannmai」to question about an artist's attitude. If Akutagawa shows his attitude as an artist comparatively frankly in his work, how is the figure described? 「Gesakuzannmai」,「Karenosyou」and「Numachi」are all artist stories which an artist is in. While in the first one, the hero Bakin's attitude as an artist is displayed, an artist's life through the eyes of Basho, an artist to face death and of his disciples to watch him in the second and an artist's spirit appearing through me to see a picture in the third are described. In order to study how an artist sees and what relation it has with an artist's life in this paper, I made a selection in three works of artist novels in which there are descriptions comparatively prominent of , and I try to study with priority given to「Gesakuzannmai」, comparing with 「Karenosyou」and「Numachi」. In 「Gesakuzannmai」, the relation between and Bakin has an significant meaning. In the first part of the work, is described as something to make to remind Bakin of death, and after then it is described as a figure to be opposed to human beings. It is consistent differently with lower human beings and its unchanging figure makes him look back on his attitude as an artist to take popular judgement hard and to suffer from creative life. Also in Hasan and Shide, Kazan' pictures Bakin discovers the harmony between and humans and is moved. According to Akutagawa's another works,「Kanzanzitoku」and 「Touyonoaki」, the deep impression of comes out of the harmony of and humans, which exists in human minds for good. Impression by an art of a picture lays the groundwork for making Bakin attain a state of . He is ecstatic, has heroic feelings and discovers the meaning of a new life by being absorbing only in creative activities in his library, but in the living room his family still display coarseness. This conflicting situation in his library and living room makes him who was absorbed in creative writing come out of the library and have to live in the low mundane world. On the other hand, Basho in「Karenosyou」comes to reach at a everlasting calm rest through death. Winter, the background of his work stands as a symbol for death and is found here and there in his work. His disciples see his death by their own criteria but he actually gets out of all vexatious things of this world. As the sole disciple to understand his master's death, Jouso comes to attain free spirit through it and hardens resolution as an artist in charming, sad pleasure. And 「I」 in「Numachi」understand to be alive with enormous vigor in an unknown artist's picture and an artist's spirit who tried to vividly put it into his picture. The picture he painted with being absorbed only in his own art activities without any reward from the world shows solitary life as an artist, and 「I」 have ecstatic and heroic feelings through understanding an artist who tried to put into an art beyond death and an artist's spirit felt in to display life force in itself. Up to now centering around「Gesakuzannmai」 described in「Karenosyou」and「Numachi」has been studied, which has a meaning above a simple landscape, is closely linked to an artist's attitude or life and leads to charming, heroic impression. In 「Gesakuzannmai」strong feelings which described in an art gives make the artist discover the meaning of new life, and by growing into one with a cricket's chirp and being absorbed in art activities he has ecstatic, heroic feelings. He before death in「Karenosyou」finishes his life by going back to through it and his disciple feels ecstatic and sad pleasure by realizing going back to to grow into one with it. And 「I」 in 「Numachi」come to understand the artist's spirit in vigor which in the picture displays and have ecstatic and heroic feelings. Akutagawa's has been studied in a seasonal respect or as an environment up to now, but it in 「Gesakuzannmai」 isn't deeply handled. This paper tried to straighten out the relation of artist's spirit and described in three works, 「Gesakuzannmai」,「Karenosyou」and「Numachi」, and you can see for yourself that in「Gesakuzannmai」exists as an important part for Bakin's being absorbed in creating and it in these three works exists as one to draw out an artist's spirit.