영어 교과서에 나타난 Over의 인지의미론적 분석

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the core and extended meanings of preposition "over" according to cognitive analysis and to usages of preposition "over" in the English textbooks based on Tyler & Evans's(2003) study, which accounts for the polysemy of "over" in a principled, systematic manner within the framework of Cognitive Linguistics. I have examined three previous studies, and proposed their problems. The homonymy approach has a number of problems when we attempt to account for words such as “over.” The underspecified approach runs into difficulties also, even in accounting for the correct interpretation of the most straightforward of sentences such as the cat jumped over the wall. And it will be argued that Lakoff's(1987) model vastly inflated the number of proposed distinct meanings associated with spatial particles such as “over.” Therefore, the underspecified approach and Lakoff's analysis fail to adequately account for the largely non-linguistic nature of prepositions, termed conceptual integration. In order to solve such problems, the principled polysemy model that accounts for distinct, multiple senses by a highly limited set of pragmatic and cognitive principles was introduced and a detailed analysis of “over” based on the principle polysemy model was also provided. The polysemy network for “over” contains 15 distinct senses, including the proto-scene, and other additional meanings derive from conceptual integration constrained by the cognitive principles. I analyse 18 different Middle and High School textbooks that have utilized the principled polysemy model in explaining the preposition “over” and how the additional meanings in the cognitive network were associated with prepositions used in the textbooks. Through the cognitive analysis to the preposition “over”, the learners can avoid memorizing the meanings of prepositions mechanically and participate in learning actively. This meaningful learning can successfully help English learners to understand various meanings of prepositions.