‘발문(發問)’을 활용한 자기 주도적 시 감상 능력 신장 방안

Abstract

The most important thing in the class of a poem is that students foster the thinking power with feeling, enjoying, and appreciating it subjectively with their heart. However, in schools, teachers usually progress one-sided classes centered on text which have no relation with the thinking of students. These classes make students feel difficulty and burden from a poetry. Additionally, as the entrance exam-centered education make much of an essay, relatively the understanding-oriented literary education centered on text is tending to lose it place. Accordingly, this study aims at investigating teachers' teaching method from the viewpoint of improving desirable poetry education and learners' self-directed ability of appreciating poetry. To improve the learners' self-directed ability of appreciating a poetry, teacher-leading class must be done first. A teacher-leading class in this study is not to inculcate simple knowledge to students, and it means that learners acquire the strategy of appreciating a poetry under the leadership of teacher. This study suggested 'Questioning' as a teaching method to turn over the strategy of appreciating a poetry from teacher to learner. A questioning is the teaching strategy that a teacher stimulates the thinking of learners, and learners will acquire the strategy of appreciating a poetry from the teacher's class of questioning. Finally, learners will create 'question' for the appreciation of poem by themselves. Chapter Ⅱ arranged the concept of the direction of poetry education and self-directed learning, and for this purpose, preponderantly described teachers' role for it. Chapter Ⅲ explained the concept and meaning of 'questioning' which is a teaching strategy for the education of self-directed appreciation of poetry, but defined the concept of terms used in this study by clarifying the conceptual difference between ‘questioning’ and ‘question’. Then, this study named the teacher's question as 'questioning', and learner's question as 'question’ respectively in the education for the appreciation of poetry. And this study conducted the preliminary education with expressive teaching model to have students learn the type of questioning appropriate to the appreciation of poem, and the strategy of creating questioning or question. Chapter Ⅳ designed the real class of self-directed appreciation of poetry by applying ‘questioning', and arranged the results of applying it with survey and paper of learner's activity. This study is to investigate the role of teachers and the importance of teacher's questioning to improve the learners' ability of self-directed appreciation of poetry. That is, this study suggests that the questioning strategy centered class of poetry appreciation can be the method to realize the class of voluntary and active appreciation by learners. However, the period of this study was too short, and this study was limited to small number of subjects, so it is necessary for future studies to be targeted on large number of students for long time to generalize the results from the study of questioning.