공간구문론을 활용한 항만 재개발지역의 공간구조 변화에 관한 연구

Abstract

항만 재개발 사업의 계획 수립에 있어서 재개발 계획을 도시의 구조적 특성을 고려하여 수립하기 보다는 항만 물류나 상업적 시설과 같은 경제성에 중점을 두고 있어, 항만 재개발지역이 주변 지역과의 연계를 통한 도심과의 조화라는 본래의 목적과는 달리 특정개발지역으로서의 단절을 야기할 수도 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 공간구문론(Space Syntax)을 북항 재개발 지역과 부산역 역세권 지역에 적용하여 공간구조를 분석함으로써, 북항 재개발 이후의 도시 공간구조의 변화를 연구하고자 하였다. 뿐만 아니라 공간구문론을 재개발 전․후의 대상지를 시각적 연속성에 의한 방법과 이동의 연속성에 의한 방법으로 구분하고 이를 모형화 하여 각각의 도시 공간구조 특성 및 변화를 분석하였다.

Bukhang redevelopment project is basically aimed at constructing the world-class seashore tourism town as well as restoring and revitalizing the original functions of Busan in such a way of linking the town with the regions in the vicinity. Redevelopment, in principle, is planned to realign the zone after demolishing the deteriorated or misaligned structures so as to enhance the efficiency of land use. However planning the harbor redevelopment project rather focusing on economic effect such as logistics or commercial facilities than considering the structural features of the town might lead to isolating the town as specific development region, which is far from the original intent to create the harmonized development with the surrounding regions. The study thus was intended to analyze the spatial configuration by applying the space syntax to Bukhang redevelopment project and Busan station area development project so as to ultimately review the changes to the urban spatial configurationin the post-redevelopment of Bukang. And the space syntax was classified into the two categories; a visual continuity and a mobile continuity, which were then modularized for evaluating the characteristics and changes of the urban spatial configuration. The conclusion in the wake of the study is highlighted as follows. (1) The integration level of the region including Choryang 1 & 2-dong across the Busan Station plaza was indicated high. Particularly in a spatial analysis considering the pedestrian environment, such a high level appeared also at the financial street in Gwangbok-dong and Jungang-dong, besides Choryang-dong area. (2) Viewing the analysis in the post-redevelopment, Bukhang redevelopment zone and Busan Station development zone appeared to be separated due to Busan Station depot facilities. And a high intensity appeared at the vehicular underpass that links Chungjang-ro, Jungang-ro and Youngju overpass. Such an intensity at the specific districts needs to be eased in a way of increasing the street space linking Chungjang-ro and Jungang-ro. In addition, the need for relocating the Busan Station depot facilities into the underground space shall be evaluated in a bid to ease the intensity of the street space connecting the two districts at the at-grade level. (3) The integration level of Chungjang-ro and Daegyo-ro was found to have climbed after Bukhang redevelopment and Busan Station area development, which was attributable to upgraded spatial configuration at Bukhang redeveloped district which was extended to both Chungjang-ro and Daegyo-ro. And Busan Namhang redevelopment(modernization of dried fish market and Jagalchi market along with the water front development) and Youngdo region redevelopment(Youngdo Marine Land, Marine Technopolis) is expected to further heighten the spatial integration level of Chungjang-ro and Jungang-ro area. Hence the new space that would reduce the intensity of the two regions needs to be developed. (4) A 3 to 5m-wide pedestrian passage at both sides of the street at the Bukhang redevelopment district was provided. In view of the local integration from the aspect of the mobile continuity, the integration level appeared to be different by district and street, which require widening the footpath or providing an alternative footpath at the space with a higher intensity in an effort to adjust the level. As aforementioned, the space syntax provides the objective and predictable approaches, but there might be a limit in defining the space with the characters of the spatial configuration alone. Therefore, more specific explanation on a space would be realizable when a diverse values contained in the space are introduced. And since the scope of the study was limited to the connection of the streets with an axial map, it might have its own limit in identifying the specific details to the interior of the buildings and the district or region. The study hence was intended to focus on pedestrian and street space using the spatial analysis approach which had been overlooked in Bukahag redevelopment plan. The study is expected to be utilized as basic data in explaining the changes in spatial configuration of the to-be-implemented Bukhang and surrounding area redevelopment.