지역소득통계의 생산 및 분배계정을 통한 지역소득격차 분석

Abstract

There has been no data for Regional Income (RI) regarding distribution for each city and province of Korea in previous studies on the regional income gap. Thus an assumption was made that no significant gap exists between production income and distribution income. As a result, Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) statistics were used for the Regional Income data. However, a significant gap might exist between the GRDP and Regional Income due to the following reasons. First, not every product within a region accounts for the income of that region. Second, transfer income can occur between the regions. Third, one might work in one region and reside in another. Thus one requires a highly sensitive care to examine the Regional Income gap based on the level of GRDP. Meanwhile the National Statistical Office in Korea developed and completed the estimation of the Regional Income distribution account in 2009 in order to be able to examine the Regional Income by the 3 aspects of production, spending and distribution. Accordingly, this study analyzed the correlation and difference between GRDP as a production aspect and the Regional Income as a distribution aspect. As a result, a significant correlation was found between the two as the correlation coefficient per capita was above 0.7 and the total amount was above 0.9 Such a result is consistent with overseas cases. Here, the GRDP of production versus the Regional Income of the distribution was relatively higher in special and metropolitan areas than regional areas. Production income was high in regional areas due to post-urbanization of the manufacturing industry, whereas distribution income was high in special and metropolitan areas due to the separation of the workplace and residency, generating the gap between production and distribution income. Furthermore, as a result of the T-test between production and distribution income, no significant difference was found in the total amount, whereas a significant difference of 10% was found in the per capita since 2002. Here, the per capita income is the actual data used in the Regional Income gap analysis, hence confirming the significant gap between production and distribution income. Consequently, it is suggested to use income data appropriate for the research goal by distinguishing production and distribution income in accordance with future studies on regional economy or income.