한·중 수산물 교역의 시장비교우위 구조변화 연구

Abstract

Abstract

As the trade between Korea and China increases, Chinese fishery export and import become more and more dependent upon Korea. In order to analyze the Korean position within Chinese fisheries sector, this study has measured the Market Comparative Advantage(MCA) indices and Relative Market IntensityA(RMI) indices of Korea in Chinese fishery markets. The study tries to show that Korean fisheries industry keep market comparative advantage even if FTA agreement was made between Korea and China. The study also tries to suggest several policy proposals for soft-landing of Korea-China FTA on Korea’s fisheries sector. An analysis of the changes in comparative advantage structure of Korean fisheries product in Chinese market in 10 years amid concerns over the future of Korean fisheries product might be uncertain when Korea-China FTA is concluded. Based on the analysis, attempting to offer sustainablility and development for Korea after the conclusion. To summarize the analysis results as follows: Firstly, it is the estimated result of Korea RMI index toward Chinese fisheries market from 2001 to 2012. RMI index value shows up and down by year, but the overall trend is rising which shows the market share of Korean fisheries products in China is on an upward trend. Meanwhile, the market share of Chinese fisheries products in Korea is continuously falling in the same period of time. To compare changes in RMI index by year between Koera and Japan, Japan was holding the lead in 2001 to 2006, but since then it's on a downturn. On the other hand, Korea is on a upturn since 2007 after years of stagnation. In 2008, the two countries are going into a reversal. Therefore, market concentrate ratio of Korea in Chinese fisheries market has been getting higher than early 2000. Secondly, comparing the items of comparative advantage from 2004 to 2012, 57 items (48%) out of 118 were comparative advantage in 2004 and 61items (52%) were comparative disadvantage. But 8 years later, in 2012, 104 items (54%) out of 192 were comparative advantage 88 items (48%) were comparative disadvantage. It shows that international competitiveness of Korean fisheries products has been raied in Chinese market as comparative advantage item proportion has been raised in 2004 to 2012. And it also shows its MCA index still maintains above level 3, despite the market comparative advantage of Korean important marine exports is on a downward trend or staying stagnant in Chinese market. Lastly, the unit price of fisheries export of China toward Korea is gradually decreasing while the unit price of fisheries export of Korea toward China has surpassed China in 2008. It is because China's fresh seafood consumption grew fast due to the improvement of income level followed by the country's rapid development. On the hypothesis that as long as this form of eating habits remains in China, Korean marine products will have more opportunities in Chinese market. Therefore, Korea will keep the foothold in Chinese market or even Korea's position can become more solid by reinforcing the price competitiveness after the conclusion of Korea-China FTA. So Korean fisheries products still have breakthroughs in China after the FTA conclusion. If Korea-China Fisheries Cooperatives is well prepared for the growth of high quality fishery products in China, there will be good development opportunities for Korea.

Key Words: RMI index, MCA(Market Comparative Advantage) index, Korea-China FTA, Unit Price of Fisheries Export.