연안 취약성 평가 프레임워크 연구

Abstract

Recently, the vulnerability of coastal zone has been increased by the sea level rises, wave heights and intensification of typhoons due to the global warming and climate changes. The main objective of this study is to develop the framework of coastal vulnerability assessment including definitions of indices, indicators and parameters to assess the degree of the vulnerability quantitatively, to detect the hotspot that is the vulnerable area. The main framework of coastal vulnerability assessment was developed with the basic framework of IPCC. Three coastal vulnerability indices; the CEI(Coastal Exposure Index), the CSI(Coastal Sensitivity Index) and the CAI(Coastal Adaptation Index), were developed to assess the CII(Coastal Impact Index) and the CVI(Coastal Vulnerability Index) numerically. The framework of coastal vulnerability assessment was applied to southern coastal region of Korea. The proposed CII and CVI is classified as 5 grades. Grade 1 means that the vulnerability is low and grade 5 is high. The validation of CII and CVI compared with the field observation and their applicability was confirmed. The CII with consideration of disaster exposures and damages was able to assess clearly which coastal regions are sensitive. Because the CVI reflects the adaptive capacity, which was lower than the CII in the coastal municipalities with urbanization. With comparison of the CII and CVI, local government was able to determine the priority to reduce the coastal disaster. Considering the CVI, the policy makers of local government was able to support decision-making for the optimal adaptive measures, their priority. The map of CII and CVI can easily used to determine where the vulnerable regions are. The results of the assessment are displayed on Open API based map like Google, Daum, Naver. This framework of coastal vulnerability assessment will protect our coastal system from coastal disasters, eventually protect lives and properties in coastal zone in Korea. This framework used in this research is derived from the functions of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity and assessed using the current database. Therefore, relevant databases for the CEI, CSI and CAI must be developed continuously. When applying the indices, its applicability need to be verified. Especially, the CAI is inversely related to the CEI and CSI. This index is in order to reduce or respond to coastal exposure and sensitivity. However, it is difficult to control the adaptive capacity in reality. So the indices, indicators and parameters that can be increased the adaptive capacity must be researched and developed continuously.