근린생활시설의 피난기구별 효율성 평가-완강기와 승강식피난기를 중심으로-

Abstract

Presently, the standard for installing evacuation equipment that enables occupants to evacuate on their own is determined by the use of a building and its floor area. However, according to the “Installation Maintenance and Safety Control of Fire-Fighting Systems Act” and “Fire Safety Standards for evacuation equipment” (NFSC301), the installation standard for evacuation equipment only mentions the minimum number of equipment to install based on the floor area. Thus, this installation standard fails to reflect the corresponding number of occupants in a building and the effectiveness of the evacuation equipment. As such, there is a high probability that most of the evacuation equipment installed based on the ‘one-size-fits-all’ legal regulation do not guarantee the safety of occupants in case of a fire. In order to improve this, there needs to be prioritization on the performance evaluation of the effectiveness of evacuation and the distribution ratio of equipment per occupant through mock experiments. Therefore, mock experiments were conducted on the descending lifeline and elevating evacuation equipment to analyze their efficiencies. Moreover we propose a model for calculating the evacuation time to evacuate lifeline and elevating evacuation equipment based on the experimental results. Also we conduct effectiveness evaluation by the evacuation equipment. The results show that most of the people can not evacuate using the evacuation equipment. In order words, Evacuation equipments according to the current standard was determined to be insufficient to ensure the safety. Therefore installation of the evacuation equipment according to the efficiency and capacity of the evacuation equipments is considered necessary.