통합물관리를 위한 SCADA 시스템 구축 프로젝트의 핵심 성공 요인과 계량적 관리 방안에 관한 연구

Abstract

The problem of water shortage is world-widely recognized as a serious threat to the future of the world. In this point, Smart Water Management based on ICT technologies which develops into the Integrated Water Resources Management is strongly needed to maximize the efficiency of the use of water resources. Researchers, however, often report that most of such ICT projects were not as profitable as expected. Generally, success of an ICT project leads the business to the improvement of operating efficiency and productivity, but unexpected failure causes serious monetary losses and damages the business itself. The key to success of project management is systematical approaches based on the analysis of the variables that the project manager must take into account, especially using a form of check list. This paper shows how to determine critical success factors to construct a SCADA system for integrated water resources management as one of the ICT projects that hardly have a clear definition of success and mostly end with failure. This paper provides a reference model for SCADA system implementation, appropriate to the integrated water resources management by analyzing such factors as system requirements, drawbacks, operating schemes, and effectiveness through case studies on existing SCADA systems. Literature reviews for various perspectives on critical success factors and criteria for the construction of a SCADA system are conducted in this study. The opinions of a number of experts in SCADA system implementation projects have been reflected in this paper through brainstorming, AHP(Analytical Hierarchy Process) and survey questions. Furthermore, this study provides an evaluation model for critical success factors of a SCADA system implementation project for the integrated water resources management based on four-level project success framework by Subiyakto(2013). This model consists of 4 dimensions(systematical, managerial, directional, and environmental dimension), 18 variables(cost, time, quality, people, technology, conception, planning, implementation, handover, utilization, closedown, short-term direction, middle-term direction, log-term direction, project process, delivery level, business level, and context level), and 82 factors. An AHP analysis using this model has helped decide weighted values and priorities of the dimensions, the variables, and the factors, which are closely related with project plan and strategic establishment. This paper suggests three practical quantitative management methods of using the weighted values and priorities from the AHP. Firstly, Project Success Index is suggested to measure the degree of success in a project. Project Success Index, calculated using the weighted value and the evaluation score of each variable, is very useful as a means of evaluating the project and defining a level of success of the project objectively. Secondly, Risk Exposure is proposed to calculate the risk of the SCADA system implementation project. In the course of determining Risk Exposure, risk likelihood is calculated by surveying the established projects. And, risk impact is calculated using the weighted values from the AHP. Risk Exposure is helpful for prevention of the previously known risks. Lastly, an assessment checklist with the weighted values of the factors is provided to objectively evaluate or predict the success and the performance of the project.