공유수면매립 타당성평가에 관한 연구

Abstract

Public waters are considered as shared seas and provide us various benefits and resources for limitless development opportunities. However, it took not long time to realize that the public waters are also limited resources due to heated competition for utilizing the public waters over the years which cause degradation of coastal environment by pollution and depletion of resources by over-exploitation. One of the major activities relating to the utilization of public waters is reclamation. Reclamations in RO Korea are occurring extensively from west coasts to south coasts. During the process of reclamation, severe conflicts between development and conservation groups oftentimes lead to enormous societal expenses. As the result, the negative effects of reclamation were well publicized which caused the decrease in reclamation. Nonetheless, we need to exercise responsive and wise decision making because the need for reclamation is still high. In this line, conducting feasibility assessment for reclaiming public waters project is a very important tool and process as public waters are a strategic public property. The results of the feasibility assessment will be the firm basis for the decision-making on the direction of development or conservation so that the various problems associated with the development can be consulted and prevented or reduced prior to the development. This study aims to improve the credibility of the feasibility assessment of public waters reclamation project bysuggesting better directions of the feasibility assessment through analyzing the weaknesses of the current feasibility assessment and evaluation processes. The assessment of feasibility considers the societal agreement and consensus of the stakeholders which do not have predetermined answers like those of solving math problems. Therefore, the feasibility assessment should continuously evolve in consideration of the changing societal perceptions and norms. In this study, I suggest few considerations for improvement of the feasibility assessment taking into consideration the changing norms. Firstly, it is necessary to standardize the process and structure of feasibility assessment to provide stable evaluation framework. In this study, we proposed a evaluation model using Brown-Gibson model equally considering the qualitative and quantitative aspects. This is to increase the credibility of the feasibility assessment methodology through complementing strengths and weaknesses of the qualitative evaluation method using indices and quantitative evaluation method using the experts' opinion. In addition, the feasibility assessment needs to incorporate the absolute criteria for evaluation of priority issues. Secondly, in order to combine the two methods, the weight of the qualitative and quantitative assessment methods were determined. The weight of 45% was given to qualitative and 55% to quantitative method. Qualitative assessment method was given slightly higher weight because there is not sufficient information to develop indicators of quantitative assessment method. Thirdly, careful selection of indicators for assessment should be given high importance. The assessment of feasibility is subject to change depending on the social circumstances relating to reclamation and societal requirements. To encompass these requirements, it is necessary to select proper indicators to correctly reflect the current situation of the society in order to improve effectiveness and credibility of the feasibility assessment. Fourthly, developing and applying optimum indices to feasibility assessment is very important. The indices should effectively reflect the objectives and target of the feasibility assessment and represent the collective and comprehensive meaning of the assessment which few indicators cannot effectively do. Fifthly, we suggested focused indicators in accordance with the types of reclamation projects in order to effectively use the existing feasibility assessment framework. This is to increase the effectiveness of the existing assessment method through applying the focused indicators depending of the types of reclamation. Lastly, it is important to review and analyze the prospectus of industry relating to the reclamation in order to correctly assess the market needs of reclaimed land. Market needs of reclaimed land are depending on the long-term trend of industry involved and these needs form the basis of justification of reclamation. The Public Waters Management and Reclamation Act stipulates that all people can apply to reclaim the public waters because those are non-exclusive commons. However, it is necessary to take utmost caution for the decision of reclamation as the public waters are limited spaces for heavily competing uses. For the benefit of our next generation as well as shared space, the value and meaning of the public waters should be carefully considered and reached consensus when using and reclaiming the public waters. Hence, developing an optimum assessment method of feasibility assessment reflecting the changing societal acceptance and views are necessary processes for improvement.