사회연결망을 이용한 귀금속 무역 네트워크에 관한 연구

Abstract

In this study we plunged into infinite competition reflect through a Free Trade Agreement the complexity of the structure of world trade flows and precious metals trading network HS 71(Precious metals), analyzed the trade structure of the HS 7113(Jewelery and its parts), HS7114(Gold jewelery products, its parts, silversmith). Current trading has evolved into a more complex networks due to Free Trade Agreements, analysis of published studies increased to larger groups, due to the scope of the agreement involvement it was difficult to identify and analyze the hidden trade structure. For a country such as Korea lacking in natural resources situation is not forced to rely on imports for much of the raw material, as it exports raw materials and imports by creating high added value by processing them on the basis of superior technology FTA provides a lot of opportunities and risks. In 2015, January 20 China and Korea FTA enters into force and just in 11 days of 2016 January 1 tariff reduction measures were made. Now before expecting actual profit of FTA South Korea-China of the precious metal ahead of trade throughout the world, we analyze the flow of the precious metal trading network of the destination country, by measuring the mutual influence between countries and partners around the center that seeks to provide the basic data of various studies on cross-border transactions. In addition comparing the concessions and rules of origin of import and export trends between Korea-China and South Korea-China FTA, the center was conducted and analyzed cohesive group structure as an indicator of social network analysis, sorting through the aggregation structure analysis did not show a high growth potential in the country and the centrality analysis was to determine the position of China and Korea. Central density analysis showed the relationship between the national trade network (Density), the development potential and competitiveness, which implies a degree of centrality of trade connection (Degree Centrality), the fastest instantaneous adaptability harmonize with the international environment and in contrast to the central trade close (Closeness Centrality), centrality through an intermediary (Betweenness) represents the control of trade flows analyzed the influence of the central station and the neighboring countries. The Closeness centrality of export trade in India, Germany, United Kingdom of 2003, changed in 2014 to China, Germany, Thailand. Centrality Closeness of import trade in China, US, France, 2003 were changed in 2014 to China, US and India. The central mediated(Betweenness) of export trade of US, Germany, UK in 2003 changed in 2014 to the order of US, Switzerland, China. The centrality mediated(Betweenness) of import trade were US, Germany, UK in 2003 and were changed 2014 to US, Italy, Canada. In 2003 connection of the export trade flow is about the centrality of HS 71(Pearls, precious stones, semi-precious stones, precious metals and their products, Imitation jewelery, coins) were United States, Belgium, United Kingdom, and in 2014, its influence was graded as Switzerland, Hong Kong, USA, China were in order, in 2003 connection of the degree centrality of import trade in Switzerland, Belgium, India changed in 2014 into Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, India and China. HS 71 type (Pearls, precious stones, semi-precious stones, precious metals and their products, Imitation jewelery, coins) in 2003 connection degree centrality of export trade in the United States, Belgium, Britain has been gradually changing into Switzerland, Hong Kong, USA, China in 2014. Degree of connection centrality of the import trade was changed in 2003 Switzerland, Belgium to India, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, India and China in 2014. Closeness centrality of export trade was found in India, Germany and the United Kingdom in 2003, to China, Germany, Thailand, 2014. Closeness centrality of trading income were changing in 2003 China, the US, France, to the China, United States, India. Export trade centrality parameter(Betweenness) was changed in 2003 to the United States, Germany, England, to USA, Switzerland, China in 2014 and import trade centrality parameter(Betweenness) has changed in the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom of 2003 to the United States, Italy and Canada in 2014. HS 7113 (jewelery and its parts; made of precious metals or be limited to those made of metal clad with precious metal) connection degree centrality of export trade in Italy, USA, Switzerland, 2003, later due to influence of China it changed to China, India, United Arab Emirates in 2014. Import trade connection degree centrality in 2003 were on China, Italy, India and then changed to China, India, France in 2014. Closeness centrality of export trade in 2003 were Italy, Germany France and changed to Thailand, Italy, Germany in 2014. Income trading close centrality appeared in the United States, Italy, China in 2003, later transformed to China, the United States, Italy in 2014. Export trade centrality parameter was only a slight change in ranking in the United States, Italy, France in 2003 and later to 2014 the United States, France, Italy.Import trade centrality parameter has changed in the United States, Germany, Italy, 2003, to the United States, Italy, Hong Kong in 2014. HS 7114 (gold jewelery, silver jewelery and its parts; made of precious metals or be limited to those made of metal clad with precious metal) export trade links about the centrality of the year was the increased due to influence of China in Singapore, Italy, Switzerland in 2003 and in 2014 to China, the United Arab Emirates, Italy. Import trade connection degree centrality was changed in 2003, Indonesia, Italy, China to Japan, Italy and China in 2014. Closeness centrality of export trade was found in Italy, Germany and the United States in 2003 and it turned to appear in France, Italy, Denmark in 2014. Income trading closeness centrality appeared in 2003 in Italy, the US, China, then in China, US, Italy, in 2014. Export trade centrality parameter was changed in 2003, the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom was changed in the United States, France, Denmark, in 2014. Imports mediated(Betweenness) trade centrality were in Italy, USA, Germany in 2003 until it changed in 2014 to the United States, Italy and France. HS 71, 7113, 7114 were taken together the precious metals trading network connection degree, closeness, but the trend of decline in the centrality parameter(Betweenness) if the rank of the country high like China. China has been able to show that was placed in the top group, because China is located in the center of the world's precious metals trading network, by maintaining a close trade relationship with many countries, and it was found that a it is very influential increased by maximizing the efficiency of the trade. In this study, import and export statistics provided by the FTA and the Korea International Trade Association statistics provided by the Customs Service, between countries were using the import and export statistics provided by the UNcometrade.