한국 성인의 연령군별 근감소증 영향요인

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia by age group and its associated factors in Koreans aged, 20 years or older. Data for 17,968 adults from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(2008-2011) were included. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass was measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry. We defined sarcopenia as appendicular skeletal muscle mass / weight X 100(%) less than 1 standard deviation below the mean for gender specific young, healthy reference population. Socio- demographic factors, health behavior factors, physical factors, psychological factors and nutritional factors were compared in participants with and without sarcopenia. The prevalence of sarcopenia increased significantly with age; 19.2% in the 20-39 years group, 29.1% in the 40-64 years group and 42.3% in the over 65 years group. The prevalence of sarcopenia varied according to socio-demographic factors, health behavior factors, physical factors, psychological factors and nutritional factors. There were significant differences according to sex in the 20-39 years and 40-64 years groups, according to family structure, education, income in the 40-64 years group, and according to residential area in the over 65 years group. With regard to health behavior factors, significant differences according to current smoking, drinking and physical activity status were found in all three age groups. Among physical factors, there were significant differences according to blood pressure in the 20-39 years and 40-64 years groups and according to diabetes, waist circumstance, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels across the three age groups. Moreover, there were significant differences according to incidence of stroke and osteoarthritis in the 40-64 years and over 65 years groups and according to fall experience in the over 65 years group. With regard to psychological factors, there were significant differences according to depression and suicidal idea in the 40-64 years and over 65 years groups and according to stress in the 20-39 years group. In five areas quality of life, mobility problem and usual activity problem were significant differences in all three age groups. there were significant differences according to self care problem in the 40-64 years and over 65 years groups and according to pain and discomfort problem in the 20-39 years and over 65 years groups. there were significant differences according to the prevalence of anxiety and depression in the 40-64 years group. With regard to nutritional factors, there were significant differences according to total energy, protein and vitamin D levels in the three age groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed differences in age-related factors. Sarcopenia was associated with sex in 40-64 years and over 65 years groups. Among socio-demographic factors, sarcopenia was associated with employment in the over 65 years group. Among health behavior factors, sarcopenia was associated with current smoking and drinking in the over 65 years group, and with physical activity in all three age groups. Sarcopenia was associated with elevated blood pressure in the 20-39 years and 40-64 years groups, and with elevated fasting glucose in the 40-64 years and over 65 years groups. Among physical factors, abdominal obesity and elevated triglycerides were associated with sarcopenia in all three age groups. With regard to psychological factors, suicidal idea, perceived health status, and mobility problems were associated with sarcopenia in the 40-64 years group. Total energy intake was associated with sarcopenia in the 20-39 years and the 40-64 years groups. Protein intake was associated with sarcopenia in over 65 years group. The vitamin D level was associated with sarcopenia in all three age groups. The factors related to the prevalence of sarcopenia in the 20-39 years group were physical activity, elevated blood pressure, abdominal obesity, elevated triglycerides, total energy intake and vitamin D level. The factors related to the prevalence of sarcopenia in the 40-64 years group were sex, physical activity, elevated blood pressure, abdominal obesity, elevated fasting glucose, elevated triglycerides, suicidal idea, perceived health status, total energy intake and vitamin D level. The factors related to prevalence of sarcopenia in the over 65 years group were sex, occupation, smoking, drinking, physical activity, abdominal obesity, elevated fasting glucose, elevated triglycerides, osteoarthritis, fall experience, protein intake and vitamin D level. In conclusion, the prevalence of sarcopenia increased significantly with age, and age-specific factors related to sarcopenia were identified in this study.