Visual Sensitivity and Behavioral Analysis of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus to LED

Abstract

Oreochromis niloticus has been found sensitive to environmental light and water temperature, which directly affected its growth and productivity. In order to analyze the effect of light and temperature on Oreochromis niloticus, the effect of light intensity, light sensitivity and light colour on feeding, behavior and stress have been studied. In this study, spectral sensitivity using electroretinogram was investigated. Furthermore, the effect of temperature and light colour on behavior of Oreochromis niloticus using CCTV monitoring system and light emitting diodes as the light source was also assessed. It was found that, Oreochromis niloticus was more sensitive to green-yellow light with spectral sensitivity peak of 574 nm wavelengths. It was also found that Oreochromis niloticus was more active under red light compared to green. However, red light has been found to make growth of fish inhibiting. It was also found that there was no significant difference in fish activity under water temperature from 23 to 35 ⁰C. The highest activity was observed at 37 ⁰C however, fish stopped feeding at this temperature. Therefore, study suggested that suitable environmental condition to cultivate Oreochromis niloticus would be under the green LEDs with water temperature ranging from 23 to 30⁰C.