「ある」「あたる」의 의미 분석

Abstract

This study analyzed the verbs, 「ある」(aru) and 「あたる」(ataru) and investigated the aspects of their uses concerning what various meanings they are used in and what new meanings are used and reclassified the meanings. The result of the analysis is as follows. As a result of an inquiry into the status of their uses in the corpus, it was found that 「ある」 was used in 8 out of its 12 meanings while 「あたる」 was used in 13 out of its 18 meanings. In addition, eight meanings of ある were extracted, which were used in addition to those in the preceding studies and three such meanings were extracted from 「あたる」More concretely, it was found that, 610 were used out of the 649 cases in the total subjects of analysis of 「ある」 while 678 were used out of the 692 cases in the total subjects of analysis of 「あたる」First, the eight meanings of 「ある」 used are as follows: ① existence of an inanimate or animate object ② possession ③ belonging, or part of a man or object being included in an inanimate object ④ recognizing a being ⑤ existence of a load, length or weight (quantity or numerical value) ⑥ being in a position or state. ⑦ existence of a time or distance; and ⑧ contacting or notifying a report. Next, the 13 meanings of 「あたる」 used include: ① contacting an object, body part or thing ② contacting an object by a body part ③ being under the action of light, wind or heat ④ being relevant, same or coincident ⑤ investigating or inquiring ⑥ being engaged ⑦ being designated (appointed or ordered by the elder) ⑧ confronting ⑨ winning ⑩ a plan or event being successful ⑪ having harm on the body ⑫ contingent upon ⑬ insisting on one’s intention 「ある」 used differently from the preceding studies were extracted as the following eight examples: claim for one’s intention ⑭ difference (different, not the same with each other, such a degree or status) ⑮ a condition, which is not much (rare) but becomes a situation or circumstance ⑯ a reason or cause ⑰ the same thing often (frequently) happening in succession ⑱ A reason to exist ⑲ have d duty and responsibility ⑳ listing. For 「あたる」 three examples were extracted as follows: ⑲ Launching a work, plan or business, etc. (starting a job). ⑳ coinciding, or several things or phenomena taking place all at once ㉑ encountering an unabstracted or unexpected situation With the result of the analysis, this study could reclassified 20 new meanings of 「ある」 and 21 new meanings of「あたる」 by adding up 8 and 3 meanings of 「ある」 and 「あたる」 respectively, drawn in this study to the 12 and 18 meanings of 「ある」 and 「あたる」respectively The newly reclassified meanings are as follows. 「ある」 20 meanings are suggested as follows: ① existence of an inanimate or animate object ② possession ③ belonging, or part of a man or object being included in an inanimate object ④ recognition of a being ⑤ existence of a load, length or weight (quantity or numerical value) ⑥ being in a position or state. ⑦ existence of a time or distance; and ⑧ contacting or notifying a report. ⑨relationship ⑩ the occurrence of events (happened) ⑪ real existence ⑫ contingent upon ⑬ insisting on one’s intention ⑭ difference (different, not the same with each other, such a degree or status) ⑮ a condition, which is not much (rare) but becomes a situation or circumstance ⑯ a reason or cause ⑰ the same thing often (frequently) happening in succession ⑱ A reason to exist ⑲ have d duty and responsibility ⑳ listing. 「あたる」21 meanings are suggested as follows: ① being relevant, same or coincident ② being engaged ③ being under the action of light, heat or sunlight ④ contacting an object, body part or thing ⑤ making a complaint ⑥ having harm on the body ⑦ winning ⑧ confronting ⑨ light contact or touching ⑩ investigating or inquiring ⑪ designated ⑫ a plan or event being successful ⑬ being punished ⑭ be accordant(judgment, evaluation.etc) ⑮ shave ⑯ hit the mark ⑰ hit the mark (expected and consistent) ⑱ harvest crops or health of the fruit is in very good shape ⑲ launching a work, plan or business, etc. (starting a job). ⑳ coinciding, or several things or phenomena taking place all at once ㉑ encountering an unabstracted or unexpected situation)