fish trade and its contribution to livelihood and food security in west african countries

Abstract

In this study an overview of the fish trade in West Africa (25 Sub-Saharan countries in West Africa from Mauritania to Angola) was presented using three approaches. First, some basic national statistics and a description of recent trends were given. Second, a brief overview of fisheries in relation to national economic development and poverty alleviation policy were provided, including some information on impact assessments. Third, a series of three national case-studies, each illustrating a particular issue pertinent to the relationship between fish trade and sustainable development (including livelihood, poverty reduction and food security) were examined. Some key trading route have been identified for the artisanal fishery products which represent 70 % of fish consumed and trade in the region. Constraints to trade expansion of artisanal fisheries are highlighted. Areas to improve the sector for a better trade in West Africa and the global marketplace are suggested. Recommendations are given for possible strengthening intra-regional trade and creating awareness of market opportunities in the region and beyond. Our statistical analysis shows that when West African countries' data are considered at the macro-economic level the fear that fish trade may affect negatively fish food security is not substantiated by any statistical evidences. At the same time the analysis also shows no evidence to support the claim that international fish trade contributes effectively to national economic development and/or wellbeing. However, West Africa artisanal fisheries could benefit considerably from increased trade to the so called ethnic market'' in Europe, USA and other developed countries.