프롭의 ‘민담 형태론’을 바탕으로 한 이주홍 동화의 구조 연구

Abstract

Juhong Lee headed the resistance movement with his fairy tales in Japanese colonial era. He developed literary activity for children by editing 『Shinsonyun』. Some studies have given lots of attention on his works and so does this report, especially on the structure of his fairy tales. This study analyzed the narrative structure, patterns of behavior of characters and information delivery․repetition․motivation of Lee's traditional fairy tales and creative children's stories based on Propp's morphology of folk tale and figured out the distinctions. First, in case of narrative structure, Lee used less Propp's 31 functions in traditional fairy tales, but much in creative children's stories. The 15th function ‘space movement between two kingdoms’ of the Propp's functions does not appear in traditional fairy tales but it is shown in 4 creative ones such as 『Lonely Zzambo』, 『The Engagement with God』, 『A Stone Jangseung』 and 『A Mud Hut nearby a Pond』. Especially, the function appears seven times in 『Lonely Zzambo』. Therefore, it is confirmed that the traditional fairy tales have gradual narrative structure and the creative children's stories have variable one. Second, the traditional fairy tales show 19 activity patterns, but the creative children's stories do 24 patterns. This means that the traditional fairy tales have the restricted character's patterns of folk tales based on Propp's folk tale morphology. Whereas, the creative stories have more activity patterns because creative children’s story writers could make activity patterns as they like. Third, in information delivery part, the traditional fairy tales develope stories with these steps, ‘Transformation'-'Chance for Mediation/Connection'-’Chance for doing harm and Mediation/Connection'-'Solution'-'Stratagem'. The creative tales do so, 'Pursuit'-'Transformation'-'Transformation'-'Solution'-'Marriage'. 'Transformation' and 'Solution' appear on both kind of tales but, distinctively, 'Chance for Mediation/Connection', 'Chance for doing harm and Mediation/Connection' and 'Stratagem' appear just on the traditional fairy tales and 'Pursuit' and 'Marriage' are shown only in the creative ones. Fourth, the repetition function is shown in 5 traditional fairy tales such as 『A wife island』, 『Demon Brother』, 『Jeopdong Bird and Crow』, 『Teajongwoo』 and『The Flower Island』. However, 3 creative fairy tales, 『The Diary of Salzzini』, 『Lonely Zzambo』, and 『A Stone Jangseung』, have the repetition function so the statement that traditional fairy tales use more repetition function than the creative ones is confirmed. Fifth, 10 stories between traditional fairy tales-『A wife island』, 『Demon Brother』, 『Jeopdong Bird and Crow』, 『Teajongwoo』, 『The Flower Island』, and creative children’s stories-『The Diary of Salzzini』, 『Lonely Zzambo』, 『The Engagement with God』, 『A Stone Jangseung』, 『A Mud Hut nearby a Pond』, have motivation function. In conclusion, based on the Propp’s theory, the type of fairy tale which matches to the morphology of folk tale, is traditional fairy tale. Also, it is revealed that X V bis(Space movement between two kingdoms) function is shown twice in the creative children’s story 『Lonely Zzambo』. Things above are the new distinctions of Joohong Lee’s fairy tales after the analysis of the structure based on the Propp’s folk tale morphology.