18세기 경상좌수영의 水操 및 전함에 관한 연구

Abstract

The Gyung-Sang Joasuyoung (慶尙左水營) acted as the first naval battlefield during war against Japan because of its geographical position. Its role in maritime defence can be said to have been as crucial as Tongjeyoung's (統制營). The most important component of maritime defence was the naval military force itself, followed by warships and weapons. However, when wars actually happened, it did not serve the purpose being equipped with these unless soldiers were capable of handling the arsenal at their disposal and a proper battle formation was applied. Therefore, it was necessary to regularly marshal sea soldiers and conduct an actual on-board training called Sujo (水操), which included navigating in various formations, aiming guns and shooting arrows. In the late Chosun, the concept of Sujo was established only after Imjin Waeran (壬辰倭亂), which was when the Chosun naval forces reinforced its awareness of the concept of maritime defence and embraced military strategy books from the Ming dynasty such as Jixiao Xinshu (紀效新書). In the meantime, various books on strategy were published in Chosun. In particular, Sujoholgi (水操笏記) allowed modern scholars to analyze in detail how the Gyung-Sang Joasuyoung (慶尙左水營) naval forces were trained. Warships were also essential in conducting Sujo (水操). According to Sujoholgi (水操笏記), the Gyung-Sang Joasuyoung (慶尙左水營) warships mostly followed conventional late-Chosun standards. However, some minor differences were also observed, which is why scholars examined the types of soldiers these ships took aboard in order to determine their exact uses.