HSPF 기반 저영향개발 해석 모형의 개발 및 적용

Abstract

The Korea-low impact development (LID) model (K-LIDM) has been developed to provide a visually-oriented interactive tool to quantitatively analyze the hydraulic and hydrological effects of the introduction of LID facilities in terms of water resources to rationally support decision making with regard to water management quantities in planning and design stages. Compared with other domestic and foreign models, the K-LIDM stands out as a specialized model for simulating the effects of LID facilities. It is capable of analyzing ten different types of LID applications including porous pavements, vegetated swales, and green roofs. In this study, the analysis methods for the hydraulic and hydrological mechanisms of the individual LID elements of the K-LIDM were developed for five different types of LID facilities, namely, porous pavements, green roofs, infiltration·detention facilities, vegetation facilities and sand filters. Numerical simulations of the individual LID technological elements were performed by inputting the F-table of a UCI file and using the RCHRES modules of the hydrological simulation program-FORTRAN (HSPF) as its computational engine. A few of the LID facilities were simulated by applying the PERLND and IMPLND modules, which simulate watershed runoff. The advantage of this analysis method is that it can consider the geometrical features of the LID facilities and the physical properties of soil. The proposed model was statistically evaluated through the correction and testing of the datasets from evidence-based experiments on permeable pavements, in-situ observations of green roofs, and K-LIDM simulation outputs. Furthermore, the flood runoff simulation performance of the K-LIDM was confirmed through comparison with SWMM5 simulation results. Additionally, the superiority of K-LIDM flood control effect analysis was demonstrated. The reliability of the K-LIDM was verified by evaluating it based on measurement data and SWMM. However, the model was evaluated only for limited cases owing to limited domestic LID measurement data. The effects of LID application to relevant facilities were analyzed from various perspectives, such as the effects of green roof vegetation, flood control and water circulation sensitivity according to the porosity of permeable pavement and the change in the depth of the permeable layer, and the effects of LID-facility interlinkage. A practical outlet design for infiltration trenches was presented as an example of the application of the proposed model. Korea is in the early stages of LID introduction, and it is difficult to obtain satisfactory data for monitoring the effects of LID. However, it is expected that international competitiveness of the domestic LID design technology will be achieved if the applicability of the K-LIDM is evaluated and the HSPF parameters of urban watersheds are estimated according to domestic circumstances using long-term accumulated monitoring data in future.