영·유아기 자녀를 둔 어머니의 양육효능감과 아버지의 양육참여가 어머니의 양육스트레스에 미치는 영향

Abstract

In this study I researched mother’s parenting self-efficacy has an influence on maternal parenting stress. Additionally (Thus), Considering about the paternal involvement in the relationship between maternal parenting stress and mother’s parenting self-efficacy, I find out the relationship between these variables. Followings are research questions that we set up to achieve our purpose discussed above. First, What influence does the mother’s parenting efficacy have on maternal parenting stress? Second, Does parental involvement have a moderating effect on mother's parenting efficacy and mother's parenting stress? The subject of this study were 620 parents, who have infants and preschool children registered in 5 kindergartens and 2 daycare centers located in Busan, South Korea, who were asked to complete a questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS(21.0 ver.) for statistical analysis, stepwise regression analysis and hierarchical regression analysis according to project 1 and project 2. In order to measures the mother’s parenting self-efficacy, ‘Perceived Parenting Competence’ which was developed for school aged children by Floyd, Gilliom & Costigan in 1998, translated by Ji-young Ahn in 2001 and edited by Yoon-kyung Pyo in 2012 was used. Maternal parenting stress was measured using a modified scale developed by Ki-hyun Kim &Hee-kyung Kang in 1997 and modified by Se-sil Choi in 2016. Paternal parenting participation was measured using ‘Scale as the role of productive father’ by Young-hwan lee et al in 1990 and modified by Eun-sil Lee in 2007. The results of my study are as follows. First, maternal parenting efficacy has a direct influence on maternal parenting stress, which has a significant influence on parenting stress relief. Both maternal parenting excellence and parenting confidence showed to have an effect on maternal parenting efficacy. Comparing the sub-variables that influence maternal parenting efficacy, strive for maternal parenting excellence was found to have a greater effect on than parenting stress, in both daily stress and mother role burden, when compared to the parenting confidence variable. Second, maternal parenting self-efficacy and paternal parenting participation both showed negative correlation in terms of maternal parenting stress. Paternal parenting participation had significant effect on the outcomes of parenting excellence and maternal role-burden and non-significant interaction with maternal parenting stress and parenting confidence. Upon further analysis of parental efficacy and paternal parenting participation groups and its effects on maternal role burden, the group with greater maternal parenting efficacy had a significantly lower maternal role burden when there was higher paternal involvement. In contrast, in groups with low maternal parenting efficacy, the burden of mother role was increased when there was greater paternal parenting participation According to the results of this study, the paternal parenting participation has a moderating effect on maternal parenting efficacy and parenting stress. Important implications are especially apparent in groups with low parenting efficacy, where it has been confirmed that the parenting stress of the mother becomes higher when there is active paternal participation. We were able to confirm that the relationship between maternal parenting efficacy and paternal parenting participation and their effects on maternal parenting stress. The results of this study suggest that it is important to improve maternal parenting efficacy in order to reduce parenting stress of mother with infant and young children.

In this study I researched mother’s parenting self-efficacy has an influence on maternal parenting stress. Additionally (Thus), Considering about the paternal involvement in the relationship between maternal parenting stress and mother’s parenting self-efficacy, I find out the relationship between these variables. Followings are research questions that we set up to achieve our purpose discussed above. First, What influence does the mother’s parenting efficacy have on maternal parenting stress? Second, Does parental involvement have a moderating effect on mother's parenting efficacy and mother's parenting stress? The subject of this study were 620 parents, who have infants and preschool children registered in 5 kindergartens and 2 daycare centers located in Busan, South Korea, who were asked to complete a questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS(21.0 ver.) for statistical analysis, stepwise regression analysis and hierarchical regression analysis according to project 1 and project 2. In order to measures the mother’s parenting self-efficacy, ‘Perceived Parenting Competence’ which was developed for school aged children by Floyd, Gilliom & Costigan in 1998, translated by Ji-young Ahn in 2001 and edited by Yoon-kyung Pyo in 2012 was used. Maternal parenting stress was measured using a modified scale developed by Ki-hyun Kim &Hee-kyung Kang in 1997 and modified by Se-sil Choi in 2016. Paternal parenting participation was measured using ‘Scale as the role of productive father’ by Young-hwan lee et al in 1990 and modified by Eun-sil Lee in 2007. The results of my study are as follows. First, maternal parenting efficacy has a direct influence on maternal parenting stress, which has a significant influence on parenting stress relief. Both maternal parenting excellence and parenting confidence showed to have an effect on maternal parenting efficacy. Comparing the sub-variables that influence maternal parenting efficacy, strive for maternal parenting excellence was found to have a greater effect on than parenting stress, in both daily stress and mother role burden, when compared to the parenting confidence variable. Second, maternal parenting self-efficacy and paternal parenting participation both showed negative correlation in terms of maternal parenting stress. Paternal parenting participation had significant effect on the outcomes of parenting excellence and maternal role-burden and non-significant interaction with maternal parenting stress and parenting confidence. Upon further analysis of parental efficacy and paternal parenting participation groups and its effects on maternal role burden, the group with greater maternal parenting efficacy had a significantly lower maternal role burden when there was higher paternal involvement. In contrast, in groups with low maternal parenting efficacy, the burden of mother role was increased when there was greater paternal parenting participation According to the results of this study, the paternal parenting participation has a moderating effect on maternal parenting efficacy and parenting stress. Important implications are especially apparent in groups with low parenting efficacy, where it has been confirmed that the parenting stress of the mother becomes higher when there is active paternal participation. We were able to confirm that the relationship between maternal parenting efficacy and paternal parenting participation and their effects on maternal parenting stress. The results of this study suggest that it is important to improve maternal parenting efficacy in order to reduce parenting stress of mother with infant and young children.