중국해양도시의 해양관광산업과 도시개발의 연계성 분석

Abstract

With sustained high-speed economic growth for nearly 30 years in China, tourism also grows with the overall economic environment and shows characteristics of clustering. Especially in marine cities, where marine tourism is the primary tourism type, the characteristic of clustering is particularly evident. In addition, due to the tourism industry belong to the tertiary industry, and in order to support the development from the agro-industry to the tertiary industry, the Chinese government has introduced many supporting policies to promote the development of the tourism industry. Coupled with government policy support, the development of marine tourism in coastal cities has been very rapid. Another factor affecting marine tourism is the fact that the rapid growth of the economy is inseparable from the continuous development of the city. Urban development is one of the most important topics for both general economics research and tourism industry research. Especially for China, the largest developing country in the world, there is still a long way to go for urban construction. The relationship between the high-speed developing city and a rapidly developing marine tourism is the core of this article. This article first carried out a large number of literature reviews based on other developed countries. Previously, scholars conducted extensive studies in this field, especially observing the determining factors of the tourism industry development as it relates to income and also as it relates to the tourism destination of choice. In previous studies, scholars considered numerous factors such as income, climate change, consumption, safety concerns, resource sustainability, distance, etc., in analyzing the relationship between these factors and the development of the tourism industry. More specifically, though, what is the direct relationship between the marine tourism industry and urban development? This is the starting point of my thesis, as I hope to provide a theoretical guidance for future development by studying the relationship between this tourism industry and urban development. The core of this research method is divided into two parts: the first is to identify the index that represents the current situation of the marine tourism industry, and the second is to identify the indexes that represent the urban development of the city. These two indexes were then analyzed and compared to reach the final conclusion. The first step in this analysis looked at the marine tourism industry concentration ratio in 23 coastal cities of China by using the Location Quotient model and varied data. From that research, I classified marine cities by the LQ index from high to low. In the second step, I selected four groups of data from different areas to represent four different flanks of urban development, including the urbanization rate, the activity of city (Young Population), the air quality index and the GDP per capita. In the third step, I used the results of the Location Quotient concentration analysis and urban development data to process several correlation analyses. The outcome shows, first of all, that an advanced marine tourism cluster region has a significant correlation with the urbanization rate of the region. Second and third, the outcome indicates that a marine tourism cluster region has an intermediate correlation with the GDP per capita of the city, and a light correlation with the activity of city (Young Population). A fourth determination from this paper is the fact that marine tourism cluster regions have a light positive correlation with the city air quality index. In the final step, I discussed possible interactions between the marine tourism industry and urban development. At the end of my article, based on the above conclusions, I offered some policy implications. According to the tables classified by the LQ method, some relatively undeveloped marine tourism cities may benefit by referring to the development path of more advanced tourism cities.