SNS 이용이 한국과 몽골 20대의 정치참여에 미치는 영향 비교 연구

Abstract

Social Networking Service has been already a huge part of our daily life in various aspects at fast pace. The ability of access to information of individual via SNS has been increased rapidly and is functioned as driving force of change in information-oriented society over a variety of fields including politics, economy, society, and culture. The change in political system through SNS is especially quite noticeable, because the possibility of direct democracy is more visible than ever. Citizens can access to any information regarding current issues on politics, and express their opinion to politicians, at any time, any place. Also, network which is derived from SNS leads potentiality of delivering group voice on long-standing matters to wide-open association in a public square. These examples were demonstrated in Jasmine Revolution in Middle East in 2010, ‘Occupy Wall Street’ in the U.S in 2011, and lastly, in candlelight rally in South Korea in 2016. Hence, a study of the possibility of citizens’ political participation that goes with the need to change of politics in formal sector should be considered to be a significant topic so as to solve the problems in our life in a political way. Therefore, in this thesis, it is examined to study the influence of SNS on political participation among those who are in their twenties in South Korea and Mongolia. These days, twenties is main users of SNS and is who create and spread SNS culture. In addition, twenties have a tendency to recognize political comment on SNS as nothing more than a part of daily routine. Still, a research to study about how this characteristic of twenties has been changed and shown in between two countries that have such different politics and system: South Korea and Mongolia has not existed until now. Thus, in this thesis, it is aimed to analyze the affecting factors on political participation via SNS of twenties in both countries and to compare its influence. On theoretical argument in the thesis, political participation and SNS is observed and investigated about how usage motivation of SNS and using pattern of SNS affects political participation on SNS, based on a preceding research. Moreover, the difference of using patterns and motivation between SNS users in their twenties respectively in South Korea and Mongolia and how they participate in politics is also examined. In order to have objective research, questionnaires have been conducted targeting Korean and Mongolian SNS users in twenties. According to the statistical analysis of collected data in questionnaires, a series of subject inquiry and hypothesis are verified to support the thesis. Here is the result summarized below. First, it is shown that the using pattern (time spent, having friends or not) and motivation of SNS in Korean and Mongolian twenties is meaningful. Second, the difference between Korean and Mongolian’s political participation on SNS as a group is analyzed. These two groups have positive influence on political participation on SNS, and the more one user uses SNS, the more one takes part in politics on SNS. Third, the more connected to politicians as friends on network, the more actively users join in political activity on SNS. In other words, politicians’ activity on SNS is a strong element to have effect on twenties’ political participation. Furthermore, on Korean group, the less amusement information a user uses, the more likely they participate in politics. The number of friends on SNS are shown more in Mongol than Whereas, Mongolian groups have more factors about friends on SNS network than those of Korean. Lastly, the factors such as age, sex, time spent on SNS, motive of each information search, sociability, and society do not influence on political participation on SNS in the two groups of Korea and Mongolia. In conclusion, on the basis of the research result, it is confirmed that political participation on SNS can be powerful impact on political participation, and politician friends on SNS can induce active participation.