한국의 근해어업 생산함수 추정과 어선감척사업 및 TAC 제도의 효과 분석

Abstract

The production of offshore fisheries in Korea in 2016 was the lowest since 1975. In addition, the production of fisheries in Korea has been gradually decreased since severe depletion of fisheries resource caused by high fishing efforts. So, the federal and local governments in Korea have implemented various fisheries management plans and policies for recovering the fisheries resource. Vessel buyback program and Total Allowable Catch system (TACs) are major policies of them for recovering the fisheries resource in Korea. Although the major policies were introduced in 1994 and 1999 respectively, the production of fisheries in Korea has been continuously decreased. This result leads to why this study is needed. In other words, this study explains why fisheries production in Korea should be estimated and also how effects of the major policies present in Korea. This study is as follows. First of all, this study estimates production functions of offshore fisheries in Korea. The production functions use the Cobb-Douglas and the Translog production functions. In specific, the production function of offshore fisheries is estimated by three factors, the number of crew, the number of vessels, and resource of offshore fisheries. Resource volume of offshore fisheries in Korea is estimated by the Clarke·Yoshimoto·Pooley (CYP) model based on surplus production model. Secondly, the fisheries production functions are extended to the fixed-effect model and the random-effect model with panel data. Furthermore, this study analyzes the return to the scale of offshore fisheries and the marginal productivity of the production factors from the estimated offshore fisheries production function. Thirdly, the Difference in the Difference (DID) method is adopted to figure out effects of the major policies for recovering the fisheries resource. The DID of the vessel buyback program derives negative or positive effects related with the catch per unit effort (CPUE), production value per vessel, and fishing efforts. Also, the DID of the TAC system induces the effects related with fish production, fish production value, and fish producer price. In conclusion, this study suggests for the plan of offshore fishery's productivity improvement and also confirms effects of major policies for recovering fisheries resource.