생태도시 관점에서 접근한 부산시의 에머지 평가

Abstract

As urban environmental problem becomes a global concern on environmental issues, "eco-city", which is sustainable for present and next generation, has been developed as a new paradigm. Accordingly, it was vital to utilize an index to assess the ecological property of the city and several researches have been performed to establish the index of the eco-city. However, previous studies were limited as they were mainly based surveys, which are subjective by nature. In this study, we employed an emergy analysis scheme, which is able to analyse both environmental and economic value with reliable statistical data, to provide the indices of the eco-city for its principles and definition. As a result the selected indices are productivity, independency, environmental performance, and sustainability. Emergy yield ratio(EYR) has been chosen to represent the productivity of eco-city, (R+N)/(Y) for independency, environmental loading ratio(ELR) for environment performance and emergy sustainability index(EmSI) for sustainability. The eco-city indices of Busan were rated as quite low with values of 1.04, 0.04, 24.73 and 0.04 for productivity, independency, environmental performance and sustainability, respectively. These results have raised concerns that development of Busan as an eco-city, where human beings and the environment is able to co-exist, may not materialize into reality. Therefore, in order to turn Busan city into an eco-city, Busan should develop more active plans to improve the eco-city index such as reducing the amount of purchased input by shifting its energy source to renewable energy.