탈냉전시대 미국 대외정책의 변화에 대한 검토

Abstract

This article examines the changes and continuity in the U.S. foreign policy since the collapse of the Cold-War international system. And it also tries to figure out the impact of new Bush administration's foreign policy on the political-military situation in the Korean peninsula. First of all, this article focuses how the U.S. government coped with the new environment called Post Cold-War. In doing so, it traces the changing foreign policy agenda during the George Bush(1989-1993) and the Clinton(1993-2001) administrations. At the dawn of the Post Cold-War, the Bush adminstration established new national security called Regional Defense Strategy(RDS), which itself is a great deviation from the Containment policy in the Cold-War era. The Clinton administration adopted the RDS and implemented its liberal internationalistic policy stance, which is much more cooperative with other states and international organizations. The cooperative internationalism of the Clinton administration has been severely criticized by the Republicans during the 2000 election campaigns. Winning marginal electoral votes, the George W. Bush administration established new foreign policy perspective called American internationalism, which is much more unilateral and assertive. These changes in the U.S. foreign policy is seen to have negative impact on the political-military situation in the Korean peninsula. After the June 2000 summit between Kim Dae-Jung of South Korea and Kim Jung-il of North Korea, the two Koreas were building cooperative relationship. Here, the new foreign policy stance of the Bush administration has a high probability of freezing the new political environment of the Korean peninsula.