친환경 실리콘-인산염계 방염제의 합성 및 목조 문화재의 방염특성 연구

Abstract

Synthesis of Eco-friendly Silicone-Phosphate Flame Retardant and Fire Retarding Characteristics for Wooden Cultural Assets

Su Yong Yoo

Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School Pukyong National University

Abstract

In this study, eco-friendly silicone-phosphate flame retardants with advantages of both phosphate and silicone were synthesized for using wooden cultural heritage. The obtained silicone-phosphate flame retardants were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, XRD and XRF. Also, TGA and DTA were used to characterize the thermal stability for the silicone-phosphate flame retardants Based on the criteria noticed in Korea Cultural Heritage Administration, the evaluation tests for flame retardant, weathering, residue, moisture absorption and drying were conducted with the 14 kind Dancheong-painted wood specimens applied with the silicone-phosphate flame retardants. The results of weathering evaluation test and residue evaluation test for this flame retardants showed the bleaching, the exfoliation, the stain, the color difference, the gloss on the all specimens was not observed. In addition, the value of color difference between the specimen sprayed distilled water and the specimen sprayed this flame retardant was average 1.00 (criteria 1.5) in the weathering evaluation specimens, and was average 1.07 (criteria 1.5) in the residue evaluation specimens. These results passed the evaluation criteria of 1.5 noticed in Korea Cultural Heritage Administration. The after flame time was within 10 sec and the after glow time was within 30 sec on the specimens treated with flame retardant in both weathering evaluation test and residue evaluation test. Also, the charring area and the charring length were less than 50 ㎠ and 20 ㎝ in the weathering evaluation specimens, and were less than 55 ㎠ and 25 ㎝ in the residue evaluation specimens. All of the 14 kind Dancheong-painted wood specimens were passed the evaluation criteria. These results showed that the silicone-phosphate flame retardants prepared in this study was enough to satisfy the evaluation criteria of Cultural Heritage Administration and showed a good performance for the use of wooden culture assets. It could be considered that the obtained silicone-phosphate flame retardants improves the flame retardant performance by synergy effect between silicone and phosphate because phosphate component of the components of flame retardant produces a char in thermal decomposition and represses the flame diffusion and the flame propagation, and silicone with superior thermal resistance and low surface energy improves the permeability and increases the thermal stability of the char.