3D프린팅 융합 기술을 활용한 농촌 다목적 전기차의 모듈형 디자인 개발에 관한 연구

Abstract

Since Henry Ford's invention of the automobile mass production system in 1908, the development of the gasoline-dependent urban automobile industry has significantly increased oil demand, and rapid industrial growth has resulted in the rise of crude oil prices and the destruction of greenhouse gas emissions through the 1990s. Currently, interest in the eco-friendly energy sector for the protection of the global environment is growing internationally, and considering that carbon dioxide from the transportation sector is the largest among many industries, the electric vehicle industry is a representative green energy industry that can drastically reduce pollutants in the future. Since the late 1990s, urban electric vehicles, which use electricity as a power source, have been continuously developed by many auto research institutes around the world along with various patents because they are suitable for eco-friendly policies due to lack of smoke gas and noise. In this reality, it is also the role of designers to develop multi-purpose electric vehicle designs for rural small business owners and elderly women by harmonizing users' needs and environments to differentiate themselves from existing designs. This paper first gave a theoretical consideration to the domestic and foreign related technologies of electric vehicles, the current status of intellectual property rights, the industrial direction of Korean electric vehicles, and the technology of 3D printing convergence, and the sharing platform through various literature surveys. In addition, empirical studies have designed the layout and frame of modular electric vehicles and have produced rural multi-purpose modular electric vehicles. Based on these results, 11 participating experts decided on a modular design of an electric car through three idea sketches and printed a modular design using a 3D printer. Furthermore, by assembling the modular design with the electric vehicle's frame, we completed the development of the modular design of the multi-purpose electric vehicle for rural small business owners and produced the following results. First, the design performance of multi-purpose electric vehicles for small business owners in rural areas will be safer than the cultivator by developing and fitting various modular designs for safety components such as taillights and loops, but the purchase price will be similar to the cultivator, resulting in high demand. Second, technological achievements provide a large number of modular component designs that can be easily replaced by using 3D printing technology as well as integrated design capabilities of modular electric cars, and can be used to register with 3D printed contents distribution platform 3D Contents Bank to share modular design data. Third, economic and industrial achievements can be fully localized for rural multi-purpose electric vehicles, and it can be used by replacing them with parts designs that suit consumers' needs and tastes using 3D printers, which can be used not only for rural areas but also for small construction sites and golf cars. Fourth, it is possible for small business owners in rural areas to purchase eco-friendly low-carbon car cooperation funds as well as participating in the convergence energy industry with green energy work vehicles that are operated only by batteries and electric motors due to environmental performance and do not generate air pollution. Fifth, if elderly rural small business owners can share electric vehicle parts designs in "3D Content Bank" and print them out using local-run output centers, even if they are isolated, parts of old models can be replaced quickly and cheaply, reducing the financial burden of rural small business owners. Finally, the strength of modular design development of rural multi-purpose electric vehicles using 3D printing convergence technology is expected to help designers satisfy their needs by developing modular designs for various parts and contribute greatly to fostering industrial designers and creating jobs.