PUKYONG

Synthesis of Methoxy-substituted Quinoxaline-based Conjugated Polymers for Photovoltaic Application

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Alternative Title
메톡시기를 도입한 귀녹살린 기반의 유기태양 전지용 공액고분자 합성
Abstract
Two series of methoxy-substituted conjugated polymers based on quinoxaline were successfully synthesized for photovoltaic application. The first series consisted of three polymers where IDT and IDTT were carefully connected to both non-fluorinated and fluorinated 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline (DPQ) through the thiophene bridge to afford PIDT-QxMT, PIDT-FQxMT, and PIDTT-FQxMT, respectively. The best performance fabricated in the inverted device of ITO/ZnO/active layer/MoO3/Ag was found in PIDTT-FQxMT with 8.51% of PCE, 22.23 mA cm-2 of Jsc, 0.72 V of Voc, and 52.4% of FF due to the employment of fluorine substituent and thieno[3,2-b]thiophene units, simultaneously. Another series consisted of two polymers was synthesized by linking IDT and IDTT directly to a simpler DPQ unit to yield PIDT-QxM and PIDTT-QxM. The best performance was found in PIDTT-QxM where the PCE was boosted up to 10.40% with 23.25 mA cm-2 of Jsc, 0.73 V of Voc, and 61.3% of FF ascribed to the expanded conjugation length by the presence of dithieno[3,2-b]thiophene.
본 연구에서는 두 시리즈의 도너-억셉터 (D-A) 타입 고분자들을 합성한 뒤, 이들을 고분자 기반 유기 태양전지의 광활성층으로 활용하여 광전지 특성을 연구하였다. Indacenodithiophene (IDT) 전자 주게와 메톡시기가 도입된 퀴녹살린 전자 받게에 기초하여 고분자 구조를 설계하였다. 첫 시리즈의 경우, 전자 주게와 전자 받게 사이에 π-bridge가 도입된 PIDT-QxMT, 해당 전자 받게의 퀴녹살린에 불소를 추가 도입한 PIDT-FQxMT 그리고 PIDT-FQxMT의 전자 받게에 IDTT 전자 주게를 결합한 PIDTT-FQxMT를 각각 합성하였다. 첫 시리즈의 광전지 특성은 ITO/ZnO/Active layer/MoO3/Ag의 배치를 가지는 inverted-type 구조의 소자에서 PIDTT-FQxMT가 불소와 π-bridge의 도입을 통해 최고 효율 8.51%로 관측되었다. 다음으로, IDT와 IDTT의 전자 받게와 메톡시기가 도입된 퀴녹살린의 전자 받게가 직접 연결된 PIDT-QxM과 PIDTT-QxM을 각각 합성하였다. 두번째 시리즈의 광전지 특성의 경우에도 inverted-type 구조의 소자에서 PIDTT-QxM이 공액형 구조의 접합 길이가 늘어남에 따라 최고 효율 10.40%로 관측되었다. 따라서, 이러한 결과는 향후 메톡시기가 도입된 퀴녹살린 기반 공액형 고분자의 구조-물성 간 상관관계 연구에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.
Author(s)
WardaniRatriPuspita
Issued Date
2021
Awarded Date
2021. 2
Type
Dissertation
Keyword
polymer methoxy quinoxaline solar cells
Publisher
Pukyong national university
URI
https://repository.pknu.ac.kr:8443/handle/2021.oak/2223
http://pknu.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000368873
Alternative Author(s)
와르다니라트리푸스피타
Affiliation
부경대학교 대학원
Department
대학원 공업화학과
Advisor
ChangDongWook
Table Of Contents
Chapter I. Introduction 1
I-1. Polymer Solar Cells 1
I-2. Principles of Polymer Solar Cells 3
I-2.1. Light Absorption and Exciton Generation 4
I-2.2. Exciton Diffusion 4
I-2.3. Exciton Dissociation 5
I-2.4. Charge Transport and Collection 5
I-3. Device Structure of Polymer Solar Cells 6
I-4. Parameter of Polymer Solar Cells Device 8
I-4.1. Open Circuit Voltage (Voc) 9
I-4.2. Short Circuit Current Density (Jsc) 10
I-4.3. Fill Factor (FF) 10
I-4.4. Incident Photon to Charge Carrier Efficiency (IPCE) 11
I-5. Molecular Engineering Design of Conjugated Polymers for Solar Cells 11
I-5.1. Low Band-Gap Polymer Solar Cells 12
I-5.2. Polymer Backbone 13
I-5.3. Incorporation of Electron-Donating and Electron-Withdrawing Groups 16
I-6. The Aim of Thesis 17
Chapter II. Effect of Electron-withdrawing Fluorine on D-π-A Type Conjugated Polymers for Photovoltaic Application 18
II-1. Experimental Section 18
II-1.1. Materials and Instruments 18
II-1.2. Synthesis of Monomers 19
II-1.3. General Procedure of Polymerization using Stille-Coupling Method with Palladium Catalyst 22
II-1.4. Fabrication and Analysis of Photovoltaic Devices 26
II-2. Result and Discussion 27
II-2.1. Synthesis and Physical Properties of Polymers 27
II-2.2. Optical and Electrochemical Properties of Polymers 28
II-2.3. Photovoltaic Properties of Polymers 33
II-3. Conclusion 39
Chapter III. Synthesis of D-A Type Conjugated Polymers for Enhanced Photovoltaic Performance 40
III-1. Experimental Section 40
III-1.1. Materials and Instruments 40
III-1.2. Synthesis of Monomers 41
III-1.3. General Procedure of Polymerization using Stille-Coupling Method with Palladium Catalyst 42
III-1.4. Fabrication and Analysis of Photovoltaic Devices 45
III-2. Result and Discussion 46
III-2.1. Synthesis and Thermal Properties of Polymers 46
III-2.2. Optical and Electrochemical Properties of Polymers 48
III-2.3. Theoretical Calculations of Polymers 53
III-2.4. Photovoltaic Properties of Polymers 55
III-3. Conclusion 61
Chapter IV. Conclusion 62
References 63
Acknowledgements 74
Degree
Master
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