사육에 의한 한국산 실고기과 어류 3종의 초기생활사 비교

Abstract

The Syngnathidae fish evolved unique forms such as the prehensive tail, upright, brood pouch and long snout. But this evolution was put at risk of overfishing and bycatching as the swimming ability weakened. Because of their rapidly declining population, international trade was limited by CITES. Although lots of Syngnathidae fish were listed on IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, near threatened, most of the research is concentrated in the genus hippocampus. Recent studies tried to estimate their phylogenetic relationship, but there were many problems because of mitochondrial – nuclear incongruence and convergent evolution of their morphological trait. This study, three species(Syngnathus schlegeli, Urocampus nanus, Hippocampus haema) were collected at eelgrass bed on April, 2019 in Busan, Korea. They were transported to the Ichthyology Lab immediately and reared in aquarium. After a week of collection, S. schlegeli, U. nanus and H. haema gave birth to 636, 88, 54 pup respectively, and their morphological and behavioral shifts were observed for 15~30 days. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1) S. schlegeli and U. nanus bent their head from the body less than 90 degrees only when capturing the prey, but H. haema has always kept its head bent 90 degrees; 2) S. schlegeli and U. nanus had terminal half centrum but H. haema didn’t have terminal half centrum; 3) H. haema had prehensive tail, but U. nanus and S. schlegli didn’t have. 4) U. nanus and H. haema began to ossify the vertebrae than body plate, but S. schlegeli began to ossify the body plate than the vertebrae.