다의어 동사 ‘lose’와 ‘잃다’에 대한 어휘유형론적 접근

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyze the English verb ‘lose’ and its Korean counterpart ‘ilhta’ using the framework of Lexical Typology suggested in François(2008). This study shows the semantic network of LOSE based on the ontological or functional properties of each sense and empirical observations and it also shows the semantic map of the verbs: Korean mainly colexifies the senses in semantic zones which are ‘to be able to possess’, ‘to be deprived of someone or something’ and ‘to have less of something or a part of the human body’, while English colexifies all the senses discussed here, including the senses that the Korean colexifies. It also shows how several senses in the semantic map can account for why a certain sense (or object) can be colexified in a different way. It discusses, for example, why ‘lose’ colexifies ‘medal’, ‘touch’, ‘war’, ‘weight’ ‘teeth’ and ‘heart’ and so on respectively, while ‘ilhta’ doesn’t. This study suggests that possession is an important distinction which separates the semantic domain between ‘lose’ and ‘ilhta’, though there are three senses of ‘to get rid of a body part’ which are not applied to this distinction. This result could help students to understand the verb ‘lose’ as effectively as possible.