한국 대학생의 문화간 의사소통능력 영향요인에 관한 연구

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influencing factors of Korean college students' intercultural communicative competence focusing on English learning motivation, and the use of English-language media. It sought to explore whether variables such as majors, English ability, and experiences of living in different countries would have any effects on the factors of intercultural communicative competence, and the relationships among the factors. For the study, 228 college students from Seoul, Daejeon, and Busan participated in the online survey through Google survey tools. The results were analyzed by MANOVA (multivariate analysis of variance), Correlation Analysis, and SEM (Structural Equation Model). The findings of the study were as follows. First, 228 college students had the highest attitude among various kinds of intercultural communicative competence. This suggests that they have an attitude of openness and respect in communicating with people from different cultural backgrounds. They had the highest amotivation among various kinds of English learning motivation. This suggests that they lack clear goals for learning English and are not taking any action. In addition, they had the highest efficiency of media usage between two kinds of the use of English-language media. It means that their use of various media helps them to understand different cultures. According to their majors, English abilities, and overseas experience, there were differences in terms of the sub-factors of intercultural communicative competence, and English motivation, and the use of English language media. In the sub-factors of intercultural communicative competence, skill, knowledge, and attitude were significantly higher in the English major group than in the non-major group. The group with high English ability showed higher Knowledge, skills, attitude, awareness, and respect for cultural differences than the group with low English ability. Besides, the group with overseas experience showed higher skills, knowledge, attitude and interaction engagement than the group without overseas experience. In the sub-factors of English learning motivation, amotivation and integrated motivation were significantly higher in the English major group than in the non-major group. According to the students' English ability, the group with high English ability had higher intrinsic motivation than the group with low English ability, and amotivation was higher in the group with low English ability than the group with high English ability. Also, the group with overseas experience showed higher integrated motivation than the group without overseas experience. In the sub-factors of the use of English-language media, English major group showed a higher efficiency of media usage than the non-major group. The group with high English ability showed both higher frequency and efficacy of media usage than the group with low English ability. However, overseas experience does not have a statistically significant effect on the use of English-language media. Second, there were mostly positive correlations among the factors of intercultural communicative competence. However, students with high introjected motivation held lower skills, attitude, and respect for cultural differences or vice versa. Also, students with high respect for cultural differences held lower amotivation, identified motivation, integrated motivation, and both frequency and efficacy of media usage, or vice versa. Finally, this study examined the casual effect of their English learning motivation, and the use of English-language media on their intercultural communicative competence. The students with high English ability to use English-language media had a high motivation to study English. Students with high motivation to learn English showed high intercultural communicative competence. The implication of the research findings were discussed. In addition, pedagogical suggestions for the influencing factors of intercultural communicative competence were provided.