PUKYONG

The Impact of Climate Change on the Global Economy in 2050: The Case of the East African Community

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Alternative Title
기후 변화가 2050년 세계 경제에 미칠 영향: 동아프리카 커뮤니티 사례를 중심으로
Abstract
시간이 지날수록 농업 부분 생산의 변화는 많은 요인들의 결합으로 발생한다. 그 요인들 중 하나는 기후 변화이다. 농업 부분이 동아프리카 커뮤니티에서 중요함에 따라 농업 부분이 기후변화가 경제에 미치는 것 때문에 여러 문제점에 직면한다. 이 연구의 목적은 동아프리카 커뮤니티와 설명하고 2050년의 경제모델에서 농업 부분에 기후영향의 일련의 예시로 설명하고 그래서 경제 효과에 대한 다양한 의견들이 경제 모델의 구조와 변수에 따른 차이점을 소개하는 것이다. . GTAP CGE 모델과 결과를 사용하는 것은 2050년의 세계의 기후변화의 프로젝션 모델로부터 온다. 우리는 동아프리카 커뮤니티에 미칠 영향을 확인했다. 우리의 결과는 동아프리카 나라들에 나쁜 변화는 것은 실제 GDP와 농업생산량(QO), 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있고, 농업생산자가격과 농업소비자가격 둘 다 증가할 것이며 결국 농업가계소비를 감소를 불러올 것이다. 2050년의 나쁜 변화는 EAC 커뮤니티 멤버 국가들이 농업 생산의 국내 시장에서의 그 기간의 비슷한 동향이 일어날 것이다. 그러나 우리는 각 멤버들에게 농업상품의 무역이 세계 시장 가격을 따를 것이며, 케냐의 수출은 4.52%감소할 것이고7.9% 수입 증가할 것이며, 르완다에서는 8.24% 수출이 증가하며 수입은 감소할 것이다. 탄자니아에서는 수출은 6.21% 증가하고 수입은 11.77% 감소할 것이다. 우간다에서는 수출은3.75% 증가하고 수입은 27.54% 감소할 것이다. 우리의 연구는 농업분야에서 낮은 생산량으로 인해 2050년의 나쁜 기후의 경우에는 정책입안자는 농업 기술 계획에 주류에 편입시켜야 한다.
Changes in agricultural sector production over time are driven by a combination of many factors; one of these factors is climate change. As the agricultural sector remains very important in the East Africa community countries’ economies, any challenge faced by this sector, like climate change, will affect the whole economy through this sector. The purpose of this study is to introduce a common set of climate change data in economic models of the East African Community’s agricultural sector for the year 2050, so that any divergence in economic effect could be understood in terms of differences in the structure and parameters of the economic models. Using the GTAP model and data from the projection model for climate change of the World in 2050; we assessed the impact of climate change in Eastern Africa countries’ economy. Our results show that in all East Africa countries, climate change will have the negative impact on real GDP and agricultural output (qo). The price of agricultural products (ps) and agricultural consumption (pp) will increase; this will cause agricultural private consumption to decline. With climate change affecting farming of all EAC member countries, the EAC as a whole will have a similar negative trend in the agricultural output domestic market. However, we found that trade of agricultural commodities for each member will depend on world market’ prices, Kenya’s exports will decrease by 4.52% and imports will increase by 7.9%. In Rwanda, exports will increase by 8.24% and imports will decline, in Tanzania exports will increase by 6.21% and imports will decline by 11.77%. In Uganda, exports will decline by 3.75% and imports will decline by 6.17%. In Rest of East Africa Community, the exports will increase by 5.76% and the imports will decline by 27.54%. Our study concludes that in the case of climate change in 2050 to avoid a low yield due to the negative impact of climate change on the agricultural sector, policymakers should mainstream to the agricultural technical plans.
Keywords: Climate change, EAC, CGE model, Quantitative Technical for Macroeconomic.
Author(s)
NIGARURA EMMANUEL
Issued Date
2019
Awarded Date
2019. 8
Type
Dissertation
Keyword
Climate change EAC CGE model Quantitative Technical for Macroeconomic.
Publisher
부경대학교
URI
https://repository.pknu.ac.kr:8443/handle/2021.oak/23503
http://pknu.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000225119
Affiliation
Pukyong National University , Graduate School
Department
대학원 국제지역학과
Advisor
Jong-Hwan Ko
Table Of Contents
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Statement of Problem 2
1.3 Research Objective 2
1.4 Research Question 3
1.5 Organization of the Study 3
CHAPTER II. CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE GLOBAL ECONOMY 3
2.1 Climate Change 3
2.1.1 Climatic Classification 4
2.1.2 The Causes of Climate Change 6
2.1.3 The Effects of Global Warming 7
2.1.4 Future Effects 7
2.1.5 The Impact of the Global Warming 10
2.1.6 The Climate Change and Social Issues 11
2.2. Climate Change in the East African Community 14
2.2.1 History 14
2.2.2 Geographic Coverage 15
2.2.3 Social and Economic Indicators of the East African Community 16
2.2.4 Objectives of the East African Community 18
2.2.5 The Benefits of Regional Integration 21
2.2.6 Structure of the East African Community 24
2.2.7 Climate of the East African Community 24
CHAPTER III. LITERATURE REVIEW 31
3.1 Empirical Literature 31
CHAPTER IV. MATERIALS AND METHOD 36
4.1 The Computable General Equilibrium Model 36
4.1.1 Model Specification 37
4.1.2 The Behavior Equation 43
4.2 Data 48
CHAPTER V. EMPIRICAL RESULTS 52
5.1. Scenarios 52
5.2 Simulation Results 58
5.2.1 The economy of The EAC in 2050 without Climate Change 58
5.2.2 The Economy of the EAC in 2050 with Climate Change 61
5.3 Conclusion 69
5.4 Limitations of the Model 71
5.5 Recommendations for Future Studies 71
References 72
Appendices 74
Degree
Master
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대학원 > 국제지역학과
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