재해원인의 상호연관관계를 고려한 사고발생 프로세스 모델링: 4M 기반 시스템 다이내믹스 기법 접근법

Abstract

Recently, industrial sites are mainly composed of Man-Machine systems, which means that the machine system performs automation tasks while humans control the machine. To prevent accidents in Man-Machine systems, it is important to analyze the complex causes and interaction of accident occurrence. For risk assessment and accident investigation of these systems, 4M is generally used to identify reasons and causes of various accident occurrences. However, it is difficult for 4M-based accident analysis to take into account the interaction of each system component or the impact of time. Only static analysis is performed, focusing on individual analysis of accident occurrence results. In fact, since the accident occurrence is caused through a process of interaction between each component of 4M, a systematic analysis method needs to be introduced. To this end, the interaction between each component should be considered and measures should be developed to identify and control the accident occurrence process considering the interaction. The feedback of the Man-Machine system is reflected for deriving root causes and the results are interpreted by utilizing accident occurrence process modeling. Therefore, in this study, the system dynamics approach is used to accident process modeling considering the interaction between accident-causing factors. Since system dynamics are effective in reflecting the characteristics of the relationship over time between the constituent variables, the degree of interaction and variation over time of the 4M components causing the accident can be designed and analyzed. Concretely, the dynamic interaction between the 4M components are modeled on a causal-loop diagram based on the accident case. It is expected that this provides corporate managers with guidelines on a safe working environment and integrated 4M mutual impact management method.