기업특성이 성과를 매개로 지속가능성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

Abstract

A social enterprise is an entity whose objective is to achieve both the economic performance of the entity's pursuit of revenue and the social performance of prioritizing the public interest, which is the social characteristic. Therefore, in order to enable sustainable management of social enterprises, not only economic but also social performance must be satisfied at the same time. Finding success factors that affect the performance and sustainability of these social enterprises has significant implications for the successful policy direction of future social enterprises. This study examines the causality of these factors to comprehensively analyze the success factors directly affecting the performance and sustainability of Busan social enterprises, and then examines how they affect the performance and sustainability of Busan social enterprises. To verify the hypothesis of the research model, 99 preliminary social enterprises based in Busan and 103 representatives of certified social enterprises were surveyed from July 29 to August 18, 2019, of which 121 questionnaires were used to verify the research model. Using the SPSS v25 program, the collected data were analyzed for frequency, reliability, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and multi-regression analysis. In order to verify the mediated effects of performance, mediating effect regression analysis was performed and the adjustment effect regression analysis was performed for verifying the adjustment effects of the enterprise type. The major findings of the empirical research are as follows; First, strategic factors and social networks among the corporate characteristics of social enterprises have a positive influence on economic performance, and strategic factors, social entrepreneurship and organizational characteristics on social performance. Second, strategic factors, social entrepreneurship, management capacity and organizational characteristics have a positive influence on sustainability. Third, both economic and social performance of social enterprises have a positive influence on sustainability. Fourth, on the mediated effect of the performance on sustainability, economic performance has a partial mediating effect on strategic factor, and social performance has a partial mediating effect on strategic factors and organizational characteristics. Fifth, social networks have a negative influence on economic performance, and social entrepreneurship have a negative influence, organizational characteristics have a positive influence in the adjustment effect of the type of enterprise(preliminary/certified social enterprise) between the corporate characteristics and performance. The results of this study show that the sustainability is increasing when the various strategies, the social entrepreneurship, the managerial capacity of representatives, the organizational characteristics for which communication is desired, and social networks are harmonized with each other. Twelve years after the enactment of the Social Enterprise Promotion Act, we expect that the various characteristics of social enterprises will contribute to enhancing the sustainability of Busan's social enterprises by analyzing and presenting factors affecting their performance and sustainability.