안라와 신라의 경계, 대강수

Abstract

This paper aims to investigate the borderline between Anra(安羅) and Silla(新羅) in the mid-sixth century. In the article of "Nihonshoki(『日本書紀』)" of the 5th year of Kinmei(欽明) the borderline was recorded as the ‘Wide River Water(大江水)’. The ‘Wide River Water’ became a border when Silla conquered Taksun(卓淳) and occupied ‘Kurye Mountain(久禮山)’. The majority of Korean researchers have regarded the ‘Wide River Water’ as ‘Nakdong River(洛東江)’. However the ‘Nakdong River’ is not suitable for the boundary between Anra and Silla, considering the direction of Silla's advance to Taksun and Anra. And ‘Nakdong River’ must have already lost its meaning as a border against the Gaya forces when Namkara(南加羅) was taken over by Silla. The location of ‘Wide River Water’ is closely linked to the location of ‘Kurye Mountain’. However, there is some confusion in the location of ‘Kurye Mountain’ because the ‘Kurye Mountain’ and ‘Kuryemura(久禮牟羅)’ are considered the same. Reviewing the records of "Nihonshoki", the two places cannot be the same. However, it is highly likely that the withdrawal of troops of Baekje(百濟) and Silla after the construction of the ‘Kuryemura Castle(久禮牟羅城)’ of both countries was linked to the ‘Presence of Baekje Troops on Kurye Mountain(我久禮山戍)’. Therefore the two sites might be different places in adjacent areas. Seeing the ancient road of in the Chilwon(漆原) area, ‘Kurye Mountain’ is most likely to be ‘Mureung Mountain(武陵山)’ and ‘Jakdae Mountain(爵隊山)’. The ‘Wide River Water’ became a boundary when Kurye mountain was occupied by Silla. Therefore it must be located west of ‘Mureung Mountain’ and ‘Jakdae Mountain’, which are assumed to be ‘Kurye Mountain’. ‘Gwangnye Stream(匡廬川)’ is located west of ‘Mureung Mountain’ and ‘Jakdae Mountain’ and appropriate to be regarded as the ‘Wide River Water’. After the encounter with Silla at the ‘Wide River Water’, Anra received military aid from Baekje and improved relations with Silla through ‘Anra-Officials from Wa(安羅倭臣)’. Namely Anra maintained borderline by using the balance of power between Baekje and Silla. Of course, the role of the Anra garrison cannot be overlooked, considering the Gaya-style castles remained on the west coast of ‘Gwangnye stream’. Because of the Incident of ‘Koguryo Liaison(高句麗密通事件)’ thereafter Baekje's influence became so powerful that it led to the ousting of Pro-Silla forces, and also a defense strategy to rely on only Baekje is created. The threat from Silla to the border area seems to have started again before and after the ‘Battle of Kwansan Castle(管山城戰鬪)’. Silla established the province(州) at Changnyeong(昌寧) in 555 year, and seems to have applied military pressure not only in the existing direction of Changwon(‘Gwangnye Stream’) but also in the direction of Changnyeong(‘Nakdong River’). The actual fall of Anra is estimated to be between 560 and 561. However Anra is considered to have been in a indirectly controlled phase before that.