DEA를 이용한 미얀마 호텔산업의 효율성 분석

Abstract

Myanmar's economy has shown overall low growth since 2006, after the sanctions of some Western countries began in 2003. However, the 60-year-old military government was handed over to the civilian government through the 2010 general election， Myanmar's trade and economic scale began to grow as the Europe economic sanctions eased in 2012 and the US economic sanctionseased in 2013. Myanmar's GDP(Gross Domestic Product) increased to 71.21 Billion $ in 2018 from 36.91 Billion $ in 2009, 63.26 Billion $ in 2016, and 66.72 Billion $ in 2017. Since 1997, Myanmar's hotel industry has continued to develop. According to the statistics of Myanmar tourism, the number of hotels in the country has already increased from 606 in 1997 to 1279 in 2015 and 1708 in 2018. Government-led tourism complex development projects, Myanmar jewelery fairs and events such as Expo have helped to develop the hotel industry and tourism industry. The growth of the hotel service industry is one of the major industries leading the development of Myanmar society and is recognized for its special achievements and values. Compared to the international and Asian markets, the development of the hotel industry in Myanmar is still at a low level, but with the growth of the tourism industry related to the hotel industry, it is also leading to an increase in direct foreign investment. However, when I analyze the previous studies related to the hotel industry in Myanmar, the empirical research on the measurement of hotel efficiency and productivity is insufficient. Therefore, I would like to conduct an empirical analysis of the efficiency and productivity of 30 hotels directly responsible for infrastructure construction and operation management for the development of the hotel industry in Myanmar. This study examines the trend of efficiency in input and output of each hotel through DEA​​(Data Envelopment Analysis) using data from 2015 to 2018 for 30 hotels in Myanmar and analyzed the factors causing this. As a result of this study, there are only two hotels that are efficient in all three models(CCR model, BCC model and scale efficiency). In terms of management, it was measured to be superior to other hotels. 27 hotels were found to be inefficient, with 54% of inefficient hotels in technical factors and 44% of inefficient hotels in scale factors. Based on these results, it is necessary to establish national plan such as modernization of facilities and infrastructure and development of new technologies for Myanmar hotels.