프로필렌의 불활성기체 첨가에 따른 온도 및 압력의 변화에 대한 폭발 위험성 평가에 관한 연구

Abstract

In order to assess the risk of propylene according to the changes in temperature and pressure, the explosion range and the minimum oxygen concentration were measured using nitrogen and carbon dioxide as inert gases, and through these, the explosion pressure and the explosion pressure rise rate, which are the indices of the risk of explosion, were derived. In addition, to minimize the damage of gas explosion, an index that allows predicting the size and number of outlets by deriving the deflagration index was presented.

(1) At the temperature of 25 ℃ and the pressure of 1.0 bar in nitrogen as an inert gas, the explosion range was 2.5% as the lower limit and 13.5% as the upper limit at the oxygen concentration of 21%, and if the pressure was increased to 2.5 bar at the same temperature and oxygen concentration, the lower limit was 2.5% and the upper limit 15.1%. This indicated that the lower limit was unchanged while the upper limit rose substantially when the pressure was increasing.

(2) At the pressure of 1.0 bar in nitrogen, the increase of temperature from 25 ℃ to 200 ℃ decreased the lower limit from 2.5% to 2.2% and increased the upper limit from 13.5% to 14.8%, which indicated the increase in temperature widened the explosion range.

(3) At the temperature of 25 ℃ and the pressure of 1.0 bar, the measurement of the explosion rate using carbon dioxide as an inert gas showed that the lower limit was 4.0% and the upper limit 11.1% at the oxygen concentration of 21%. When the pressure was increased to 2.5 bar, the lower limit was 4.0% and the upper limit 12.8%, which indicated that the upper limit rose while the lower limit was unchanged when pressure was increased.

(4) At the pressure of 1.0 bar in carbon dioxide as an inert gas, the increase of temperature from 25 ℃ to 200 ℃ decreased the lower limit from 4.0% to 3.7% and increased the upper limit from 11.1% to 12.1% at the oxygen concentration of 21%, which indicated that the explosion range was widened if temperature increased.

(5) When using inert gas nitrogen or carbon dioxide, the minimum oxygen concentration decreased if pressure was increased at the same temperature or temperature was increased at the same pressure, which indicated the increased risk.

(6) When the explosion range was compared using inert gas nitrogen or carbon dioxide, the explosion range in nitrogen was wider. This is because an inert gas with the greater specific heat would absorb more calories. In addition, although the amount of added carbon dioxide was less than that of nitrogen, a large dilution effect was caused by the low minimum oxygen concentration(MOC).

(7) At the temperature of 25 ℃ and the oxygen concentration of 21% in nitrogen, the maximum explosion pressure was 5.29 bar at the pressure of 1.0 bar, and 15.86 bar at the pressure of 2.5 bar. Furthermore, at 100 ℃, the maximum explosion pressure was measured to be 4.53 bar at the pressure of 1.0 bar, and 13.73 bar at the pressure of 2.5 bar. At 200 ℃, it was measured to be 3.54 bar at the pressure of 1.0 bar, and 11.52 bar at the pressure of 2.5 bar.

(8) At the temperature of 25 ℃ and the oxygen concentration of 21% in nitrogen, the maximum explosion pressure rise rate was 239 bar/s at the pressure of 1.0 bar, and 787 bar/s at the pressure of 2.5 bar. In addition, at 100 ℃, the maximum explosion pressure rise rate was measured to be 217 bar/s at the pressure of 1.0 bar, and 676 bar/s at the pressure of 2.5 bar. At 200 ℃, it was measured to be 171 bar/s at the pressure of 1.0 bar, and 556 bar/s at the pressure of 2.5 bar.

(9) At the temperature of 25 ℃ and the oxygen concentration of 21% in carbon dioxide, the maximum explosion pressure was 2.40 bar at the pressure of 1.0 bar, and 8.26 bar at the pressure of 2.5 bar. Furthermore, at 100 ℃, the maximum explosion pressure was measured to be 1.87 bar at the pressure of 1.0 bar, and 6.66 bar at the pressure of 2.5 bar. At 200 ℃, it was measured to be 1.64 bar at the pressure of 1.0 bar, and 5.14 bar at the pressure of 2.5 bar.

(10) At the temperature of 25 ℃ and the oxygen concentration of 21% in carbon dioxide, the maximum explosion pressure rise rate was 46 bar/s at the pressure of 1.0 bar, and 182 bar/s at the pressure of 2.5 bar. In addition, at 100 ℃, the maximum explosion pressure rise rate was measured to be 38 bar/s at the pressure of 1.0 bar, and 152 bar/s at the pressure of 2.5 bar. At 200 ℃, it was measured to be 36 bar/s at the pressure of 1.0 bar, and 141 bar/s at the pressure of 2.5 bar.

(11) The deflagration index of the gas obtained through the maximum explosion pressure rise rate and the volume of the container was 24.71 bar·m/s at the temperature of 25 ℃, the pressure of 1.0 bar and the oxygen concentration of 21% in nitrogen, which can be used to design the size, thickness, and number of outlets in an enclosed space.