Study of marine animal derived extracellular vesicles for the applicaton of regenerative medicine

Abstract

Numerous studies have reported that extracellular vesicles (EVs) have the potential as functional biomolecules for the tissue regeneration. EVs are founded cell culture media and bio fluids, and play important roles in the physiological communication between animal’s cells due to internal mi-RNA, protein and lipid etc. Various cells derived EVs have been treated for the inflammation and degeneration diseases such as atopic dermatitis, osteoarthritis, myocardial infarction, and stroke diseases. Another EV sources previously has been reported that EVs could be isolated from various tissue extracellular matrix (ECM). However, the effect of ECM derived EVs have not much studies compare to cell derived EVs. In particular, marine animals ECMs derived EVs has not been applied for tissue engineering. In this study, we aimed to characterize the sea cucumber derived EVs (SEVs) and analyze cell activity by SEVs treatment. Regarding SEVs characterization, morphology of SEVs was analyzed by transmission electron microscope (TEM), size distribution test was conducted by using particle size analysis (PSA) and cell uptake was also observed with fluorescence microscope. From the TEM and PSA results, morphology of SEVs was shown the similar circular shape and was observed the 30-1000nm size range. Cell uptake experiment has successfully shown the EVs endocytosis. Also, the effects of SEVs were verified using cell proliferation and cell wound healing. As a result, SEVs affected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell’s basic cell activity. Therefore, we confirmed that EVs can extract from marine animal as well as terrestrial animal.