한국과 중국 문화무역의 국제경쟁력 및 영향요인 비교연구

Abstract

Cultural industry, known as the sunrise industry in the 21st century, has gradually become an important way to enhance the soft power of national culture. The great achievements of Korean cultural trade are closely related to its policy of "building a country by culture". The rise of Korean cultural industry has not only promoted the development of national economy, but also successfully shaped the national image. With the rapid economic development in recent years, China's cultural trade has made great progress, but compared with developed countries, its competitiveness is still very weak. Therefore, comparing and analyzing the development of cultural trade between Korea and China, finding out the gap and analyzing the reasons for the gap have realistic guiding significance for the healthy development of cultural trade between Korea and China. This paper takes the cultural trade between Korea and China as the research object, and mainly studies the following problems: 1) How is the current development status of cultural trade between Korea and China? 2) How is the international competitiveness of cultural trade between Korea and China? 3) What are the factors that lead to the differences in cultural trade development and the level of international competitiveness between Korea and China? Focusing on these research issues, this paper adopts a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods. Firstly, it compares and analyzes the development status of cultural trade between Korea and China from the aspects of import and export scale of cultural trade and trade status of various industries. Secondly, using International Market Share, Trade Competition Index, Revealed Comparative Advantage Index, this paper calculates and compares the international competitiveness of cultural trade between the two countries. Thirdly, using Michael Porter Diamon Model, this paper qualitatively analyzes the reasons that lead to the differences in cultural trade development level and international competitiveness between the two countries from six aspects: production factor conditions, demand conditions, related and supporting industries, enterprise strategies, government policies and opportunities. Finally, the following conclusions are drawn: First, Korean cultural trade is mainly based on the export of capital and talent-intensive high-tech cultural services, and its international competitiveness in personal cultural entertainment services is obviously superior to that of China. Second, China's cultural trade is mainly based on the export of labor-intensive and resource-intensive cultural products. Its core cultural products have strong international competitiveness. However, its cultural service trade is seriously lacking in international competitiveness. Third, the main reason for the above differences is the joint action of factors of production, demand conditions, related and supporting industries, enterprise strategies, government policies and opportunities. Korea's cultural industry is leaded by goverment policy, while China's cultural industry is still in the primary stage of "production factor-oriented".

Keywords: Cultural Trade, Cultural Industry, International Competitiveness.