공원 개념을 적용한 SANAA의 랜드스케이프 구현 특성에 관한 연구

Abstract

This study was purposed to figure out the methods and characteristics of realization of landscape architecture in aspects of form, program, and space in SANAA’s architectural works defined as ‘park’ concept. Through analysis on their public and common use architecture projects according to each aspect, SANAA tried to realize and embody ‘architecture like park’ in their lots of projects and through diverse methods. First, in the aspect of ‘form’, the surface was thickened or deformed by using a curved surface to form an artificial land such as a natural topography, so that it could be a square so that various events and actions could occur on the surface. In addition, it was understood that roof structure showed a self-similar form based on fractal geometry such as a cloud form, and the urban context was applied as a form through mosaicization by segmenting volume masses according to grid. Through this, urban context was applied as a form and new internal and external spaces were created. Second, in the aspect of ‘program’, rather than setting up certain and specific programs, it was intended to form a field of selective, diverse, and accidental activities by allowing users to freely accept necessary programs. In addition, by flexibly handling the boundaries between programs, the space and environment were diversified through combination of various units, and boundaries were blurred so that people could engage in private activities in a public space, thereby securing publicness and privacy. And by reorganizing programs in various ways, hierarchies between programs were eliminated, and an open space was created not only horizontally but also vertically, and intertwining the programs. Third, in the aspect of space, an attempt was made to form a relationship that actively interacted with the external environment as a place rather than being an object in the surrounding environment. This was mainly done by blurring the boundaries between the inside and the outside through the transparent shell, and by illuminating the surrounding environment and natural elements onto the surface or drawing in the inside through the transparent shell, forming a continuous space from outside to inside and assimilating it naturally into the surrounding environment. In addition, nature sources were directly or indirectly introduced to form a space, and it made diverse spaces for gathering or meeting like park. As described above, it could be confirmed that the realization characteristics of SANAA's landscape architecture were found in various ways in terms of form, program, and space. In other words, SANAA built a curved surface like a natural topography to contain various events, actions, and flows, and implemented it to form a field where users can freely fill the space, rather than deciding a specific program. In addition, by constructing the context as a form or by actively using a transparent surface, it induced an active relationship with the surrounding environment. SANAA sought to make park-like architecture through not a single but a variety of methods. This was understood to be presenting a new perspective by focusing on landscape architecture, which aimed to architecturally realize the concept and value of 'architecture as a park' defined by SANAA.