민물두줄망둑, Tridentiger bifasciatus, 수정란 발생과정에 미치는 benzophenone-3(BP3) 영향

Abstract

Benzophenone-3 (BP3) is used as a component of sunscreens, and known to disrupt the endocrine system of marine organisms. In this study, to evaluate the toxicity of BP3, Tridentiger bifasciatus, was selected as the experimental species. We evaluated morphological changes during embryogenesis. In addition, hatching rate and embryo survival to hatching were assessed. Embryos (6 hours after fertilization) were exposed to different concentrations of BP3 (0, 10, 100, and 1000 ㎍L-1), and then they were randomly sampled every 12 hours for the microscopic observation and cortisol analysis. Cortisol levels were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). 24 hae (hours after exposure) to BP3, the formation of embryos was complete and the oil droplets have coalesced into one except BP3 10 ㎍L-1 group. 36 hae to BP3 100 and 1000 ㎍L-1 groups, the tail was not separated from the yolk sac. 60 hae in the control and the BP3 10 ㎍L-1 groups, the heart formation was complete, but inactive heartbeat was observed in the BP3 100 and 1000 ㎍L-1. The hatching rate of larvae decreased in a dose-dependent manner, with a significant difference in all BP3 treatment groups (p < 0.01). The survival rate was more than 90% in the control, but BP3 treatment groups all died 120 hae (immediately after hatching). High levels of cortisol were observed in the initial group (0 hae) and decreased after 24 hours. The BP3 100 and 1000 ㎍L-1 showed significantly lower cortisol levels than the control at 96 hours of exposure (p < 0.05). This study suggests that BP3 can interfere with embryo development, resulting in lower hatching and survival rates.