부산지역 육상 및 해양 생태계의 탄소보유능과 서식지 질 평가

Abstract

Busan, a coastal city where land and marine ecosystems are closely connetecd, is adversely affecting ecosystems such as land-use changes and habitat destruction due to urbanization and industrialization. In addition, the 6th IPCC report explained that the abnormal climate phenomenon was caused by human carbon emissions. Especially in cities, which were expected to face a serious climate crisis due to development activities that did not consider the ecosystem, and countries around the world, including Korea, are striving to realize carbon neutrality. Accordingly, in order to preserve biodiversity and respond to the climate crisis, the InVEST model, which can evaluate habitat and carbon storage, was applied to determine the current status of Busan’s land and coastal zones. As a result of the evaluation, carbon storage decreased compared to the past, and more storage would be lost if development proceeded. Among the administrative districts, Gijang-gun, which has the largest area and more than half of the area consists of forest areas, had the largest carbon storage, and compared to the past, the carbon storage reduction rate is the highest, so caution is needed in development. If a part of the sea are is changed to land area due to the development of coastal zone, the amount of carbon storage reduced in coastal sea area is significantly higher than the amount of carbon storage increasing in coastal land area, indicating that alternatives are needed to minimize the loss of carbon storage. As a result of habitat evaluation, more than half or half of both coastal land and coastal sea areas showed low habitat quality or high risk, indicating that the habitat is highly likely to be damaged. The comprehensive analysis of carbon storage and habitat evaluation showed similar trends as a result of comparing them with previous studies on ecological and natural map, land, infrastructure and environment assessment map, and marine ecological map, and previous studies do not consider carbon storage or human impact. When preparing a strategy for realizing carbon neutrality in Busan, it will be possible to utilize the current status of carbon holdings by city, county, and district as basic data, and help to select a plan to minimize losses during development by comparing the impact of coastal development on the land and sea. It is also expected that it will be used to minimize damage to the ecosystem by identifying dangerous areas through habitat evaluation, and to prepare conservation and management measures necessary for responding to climate crises and preserving biodiversity by considering carbon storage and habitat.