해외직접투자와 기술발전이 국내 제조업 노동수요에 미치는 영향

Abstract

This paper analyzes the effects of outward FDI(Foreign Direct Investment) and technological progress on the productive labor and non-productive labor demand in Korean manufacturing industry. In order to analyze the effects of outward FDI and technological on the employment, this paper estimates a labor demand equation based on Korean manufacturing industry panel data during the period of 1991-2006. I found the following results. Firstly, empirical result shows that outward FDI has a negative impact upon the productive labor and non-productive labor demand. In particular, outward FDI toward low-wage developing countries has a significant negative impact. Secondly, technological progress has a negative impact upon the non-productive labor demand. Thirdly, this fact is prominent in the low-technology manufacturing industries and after the 1997 Financial crisis. The implications of this paper are as follows. Firstly, the number of the jobs in the domestic manufacturing industries shows a gradual decrease due to the expansion of direct investment in the developing countries. So, the policy measures are needed to minimize this negative effect. Secondly, we need to encourage technology development to improve the quality of employment.