한 ․ 중 도시의 광장문화 비교연구

Abstract

In history, that we held the ceremony in squares is an important part of the community life. Most of the ceremony which held in the square of Europe is related to religion or the history of city. In the process of ceremony, the basic physical properties have the decisive influence. The starting point of research is according to the overlapping west of European style colonial culture. We use the reforming and developing city Beijing China and Seoul Korea as a comparison target to do the statistical analysis of the forming processing and state of square for researching the influence which is from the capital square of Beijing and Seoul. We put forward valuable suggestions for improving the complexity of the capital circle city construction of Seoul and Beijing through the researching comparison. According to the basic data and the potential, design the urban and squares. Reveal the concept of Asian squares which has the meaning of traditional and feeling. Let’s know about the closed relationship between formation of squares and urban development. Especially the same unique capital circle square changing and development in Seoul Korea and Beijing china. We learned that it’s not only about the urban room and the change of the surrounding streets but also the quality of urban life. For example, some urban like Seoul has the same situation and the structure of the streets, It’s a construction processing as the center of urban. Instead the central zone of Beijing can also reflect the Europe type square imitate the change and development of history. With the urban square and streets and transformation of change is the history of the city of the foundation and non-material elements. That’s the political, economic, cultural and social development under the influence of the development of continuous change. Through the study, comparative analysis of the western city squares and the oriental city squares, found in Western Europe urban squares is the history of the west in ancient and medieval as well as the modern continue and cumulative development, see all these time characteristic of various square to coexist. The age of the ancient Greek city square, roman times does not have the forum of modern squares of function, But Greek and Roman times repeat the history of the building as the main memorial in today's also have many people came to the square of the places of interest. Also, parliament square or SAN Marco squares in medieval time squares the main use of outer space temple architecture, the queen of the main office in or around home at the position, as to show off to teach right and the symbol of kingship spaces. And Trafalgar square or union square of modern urban square as memorial for national heritage of the glorious history of memory or the value of the revolution of citizens. Like this city of Western Europe have diversity of the character of the main squares coexist, urban community form at the same time the traditional sex and make the future generation all remember these historical education function. Instead, in the modern Oriental plaza concerned, accord with standard of city square western square doesn’t exist. And compare with the way of the broad square bear square task. and the role of the traffic and life space role. If the modern society in Oriental exists in the city square, the more strict than similar 'and' park. God or sacrifice with park sacrifice the ancestors of the dynasty with Chinese the temple of heaven park or South Korea temple or country parks are park stark example. In modern times, orient also building a similar to western squares, but the situation in China is experience socialist revolution, as an example of socialist revolution spirit and the struggle of the hero deeds into the park. As a representative of the modern Chinese square, Tiananmen square, but in addition and the liberation of the Dalian plaza, Guangzhou hero memorial plaza, Shanghai people's square, etc. Instead, the modern citizens who are without the experience of the revolution is South Korea's hard to find modern square shadow, with the exception of the city hall waves is in before square. South Korea's square in the traffic situation is most importantly the cross road or wide formation in the center of the citizens of the spacious mainly in the park there. Recently in the case of the South Korean society is in Seoul city square and the example we can see these same square have expressed will of the citizens group the function of public opinion places. This article on the European urban squares of development and Korea, China's capital city square circle the formation of the comparative study of the background of the result, Seoul Korea, Beijing municipal center square the development process and the use situation, through the side of the vision in this new and use conditions for on the square behavior and the investigation of the statistical analysis, Seoul and Beijing urban space to appear the use situation of change in the squares. Tiananmen Square is to memorial national history events and famous persons or of China's great event of the square. In the center of the square to the side, the axis or in sculpture, the monument, memorial monument or memorial building as the main body, in the plaza center (core) is the configuration of the general. Tiananmen Square space choice is very important. Because of the serious and deep Mao Zedong thought the communist party spirit is the symbol of the Chinese people, on the square must keep the main body, composition and main body consistent environmental, the subject must make people moved and education. In fact come to see, Tiananmen Square green at night, music, comprehensive constitute, daily from the sun to rise to fall, filled with hundreds of thousands of citizens and tourists at home and abroad, but as a symbol of the nation facilities to use, there are many guards patrol in. Because it is the Tiananmen incident happened two earlier places, don't let criticizes the Chinese government or Chinese communist party demonstrations happening again. There is raising flag stage at the north square. National flag team every day in accordance with the sunrise and sunset time to a flag-raising ceremony. This is in a lot of people look at. In addition to special circumstances in the night is banned in and out of place. A few of the group formed a few teams and cooperate with each other sites, square outside the ring road have four main roads in the responsibility of the vehicles scattered. Instead, Korean city hall square is a political square for citizens to dialogue with government and activities place. It’s a symbol that citizens join the municipal administration. So the square is in the center of city where is convenience for people. The purpose of the square is generally rally, so it should have a good transport system for providing users traffic convenience. The road around square should fulfill the requirements of large scale population flow. Recently, the city hall square become a place where is for public opinion, variety activities or celebrations. It also becomes a people resting places with nearby Deoksugung Park. Again mention conclusion, with the media’s view points, if the western urban community traditional positive of bear the formation and maintenance of core function. Chinese urban squares have the functions that display and promote the socialist system to internal and external, superiority of the communist party of the highest power. Korean squares focus on outstanding citizen expression and sending out of place of media group opinion function. In this research, we focus on the Korean and Chinese urban squares common and difference points, grasp the essence. Especially according to South Korea, two countries in different under the system of each other in the implementation of the economic policy and the two countries all the changes of The Times and social and economic environment change, adaptation and improve its urban construction plans of the system. Urban squares are the guarantee city people social, cultural activities and media public space. At the same time urban squares are performance of action, context and the experience of the past, psychological and spiritual states the interactions of the place. Provide the traditional positive and urban place. But the squares themselves are not gathered people and cause of the activity. Make the natural, around square artificial elements, physical, the physical elements appropriate adjustment, urban square to better play each function. As a place of context with cultural space, and square of various elements together around the appropriate combination of urban culture driven more improved. Especially as the capital city of the square circle in Seoul city hall square or Beijing Tiananmen Square to be human and natural or human and human communication, live daily life field. Gradually the disappearance of public space in urban environment dilemma, two squares with the social, cultural meaning is very important. With compared with two squares, from the diversity of the people of the interaction of the public space, to become a form of social networks and fulfillment of traditional space of space. Also, as a representative of the urban Beijing and Seoul symbol of the cultural history of space, space, in order to bring into full play the function and must continue to go down.