日本語における再帰構文の研究

Abstract

This paper Iｓ categorized Sentence of Reflexive by more expanded meaning than the existing definition. Sentence of Reflexive has a characteristic meaning causing state change of an agent. The state change of the agent is shown in visible change or invisible change. Based on the state change of the agent, Reflexive verb was categorized in terms of their meaning. And it was discovered motion activity and separation meaning of a transitive-verb Sentence of Reflexive, which is in subcategory of Sentence of Reflexive, takes a form of a transitive verb in the syntax but it has the same meaning as an intransitive verb which is focused on action of an agent. These characteristics suggested a step character that Sentence of Reflexive changes to motion activity in a viewpoint affecting body of an agent and it can be proved that Reflexive verb approaches from a transitive verb closer to an intransitive verb. Also, apart from the conventional study that Sentence of Reflexive has both meanings, that is, continuation of motion, continuation of result on change, when it is added to テイル(Teiru) which is a form of a アスペクト(Aspect) of the Reflexive sentence, it was categorized and analyzed by object non-change verb」and ｢object change verb｣, ｢moment verb｣, based on the verb categories of Kudo (1982). With this, it can be interpreted differently depending on the verb groups used in the Sentence of Reflexive. Regarding characteristic meaning of Sentence of Reflexive and ヴォイス(Voice), they were divided into the passive voice and causative voice, and then compared and analyzed to an intransitive-verb sentence. In relation with a passive voice, for an intransitive-verb sentence is not compatible with direct passive, but with indirect passive sentence, the same example as Sentence of Reflexive was suggested. It was discovered that it has a common characteristics that an intransitive verb is compatible with indirect passive sentence, suggesting a groundwork supporting which is in line with an intransitive-verb sentence in the meaning. In the Sentence of Reflexive and causative voice, in case of a transitive-verb Sentence of Reflexive, it has the same meaning of an intransitive verb. Also, Reflexive verb is divided into 「reflexive verb」and 「non-reflexive verb」, depending on the existence of causative-transitive verb and the characteristic meaning was analyzed. The most recent, the study the PROTTYPE's theory introduced has become active in connection with the study of verb. Also, in sentence of reflexive of this thesis, it has been attempted so as to verify preceding part of intransitive voice and transitive voice which are situated in all its aspects. This paper made a comparative study of ｢Jyotaihanka syu syutai, the main transitive sentence｣ of Amano(1987) equivalent to ｢the experienced person b transitive sentence｣ of Inoue(1976). In both sentences express possessive relation qhich made an analysis about reciprocal and meaningful intimacy of ｢Ga case Noun｣ and ｢O case Noun｣ 3.2 Regarding subjective sentence, mading a comparison about aspect of two sentences, Amano(1987) and Amano(2002) have denied that intransitive verb approach transitive verb about a reflexive sentence. That is reflexive sentence is effect from ｢Ga case Noun｣ goes back to the form of ｢Ga case Noun｣ which give rise to condition's conjugation itself, also in case of condition's conjugation, the main transitive sentence don't have movement and effect of ｢Ga case Noun｣, finally be in possession of situation because of external effect. In conclusion, both sentences belong to transitive sentence morphologically, focusing on condition's conjugation are close to intransitive sentences, and a main condition's conjugation, and principal transitive sentence is going to deal with the weakest sentence step by step. The verb of Japanese language is classified into two groups: the transitive verb and intransitive verb whcich are generally classified by the form whether it has the positional case of ｢o｣or not. But among the verbs taking the positional case of ｢o｣, there is a sentence of reflexive that the reflexivity is bringing about the conditional changes in which the action of an activist does not influence the object but influence the activist himself. The research about these examples of the sentences of reflexive has been pointed on the verb which is similar to the intransitive verb whether it has the direct passive sentence or not. But as a result of, the analysis of the reflexive sentence, we have known that the positional case of noun taking ｢o｣ and ｢ga｣ has been composed of a possessive relation each other. Such a possessive relation is classified into 4 and again it is classified as a sentence of reflexive. And whether the relation is the intentional and active form or not, it has established the most formal sentence of reflexive and then it begins to analyze how the sentence of reflexive approaches to the intransitive verb through some kinds of process. These analyses must be analyzed by the aspect of the clause, the form, and the meaning, and through these analyses we will clearly expect how the sentence of reflexive approaches to the intransitive verb in some forms. The existence of causative-transitive verb supports that whcich has the similar connection as in the form of intransitive verb and it is close to an intransitive verb. Therefore, through the characteristics of Sentence of Reflexive, Reflexive verb exists in the form of independent category on the same line with an intransitive verb and a transitive verb.