임해 산업단지 대기 중 PAHs(Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons)의 프로파일 및 가스-입자상 분배특성에 관한 연구

Abstract

The steel industry is known as a major source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which are generated from various industrial sources. The process of steel industry plants spend cokes and fuels in large amounts. For this reason, PAHs are discharged from the steel industry in quantity. There are numerous difficulties to supervise various sources systematically even if PAHs are regulated as specific air pollutants. In addition there is not a standard for control precisely. To control and supervise the PAHs compounds effectively, the characteristic of those pollutants and existence ratio in the ambient air as a pathway should be understood accurately. PAHs compounds in ambient air around the steel mills located in the coastal industrial complex were monitored by seasons. The level of PAHs was evaluated and Junge-Pankow adsoprtion model was applied to figure out the characteristic of gaseous-particulate partitioning of PAHs. Furthermore Koa absorption model was used to find out the ratio for PAHs in ambient air. The monitoring results in ambient air around the Industrial complex showed that the average gaseous levels of PAHs were 49.67 ng/㎥, and the average levels were 12.96 ng/㎥. The result suggests that the levels of PAHs in the sampling locations are 2∼3 times for gaseous and 1.5∼2 times for particulate higher than the concentration levels in residential and business districts. The homologue patterns by each research stations showed that Phenanthrene(PhA) and Fluoranthene(FluA) were dominant compounds among 18 PAHs compounds. The gaseous-particulated partitioning results showed that low molecular weight PAHs from Benzo(a)anthracene mainly exist in gaseous phases and hige molecular weight PAHs from Benzo(a)anthracene is mostly in particulate phases, respectively. These results are derived from physicochemical properties of PAHs compounds. The result of partition equilibrium of PAHs in ambient air was ranged from -0.4 to -0.7 of logKP vs logP0L in comparison with the ideal theoric rating value, -1 of logKP vs logP0L. These changes of gradient was resulted from the change of atmospheric temperature, the concentration of total suspended particles and particle size. To figure out the gaseous-particulate partitioning phenomena clearly, the particle size and the deviation of temperature should be considered correctly.