중국 의료서비스 시장과 외자의료기관의 중국 진출 유형 연구

Abstract

China, which is the largest engine of global economic growth, has been in constant demand for medical and healthcare services in recent years. Expectations for improving the quality of medical services are increasing, but Chinese medical institutions are failing to meet the demand for multi-layered services. In response, the Chinese government clearly showed its willingness to reform by allowing foreign-funded to invest in the Chinese medical market to introduce advanced medical technology. Therefore, the establishment of foreign-funded medical institutions in China is expected to increase further. Existing Korean medical institutions have advanced into China as a consortium investment type emphasizing high-end models, but most of them withdrew without good results. Therefore, this study is conducted for three purposes. So first, I would like to suggest a reasonable type of entry into China by reviewing the management model of a foreign-funded medical institution that has been operating stably for more than 10 years in China. Second, we will try to derive the success factors by reviewing operational characteristics by taking representative examples of foreign-funded medical institutions. Third, it is suggested that areas with high potential for development in non-public hospitals in China will be used as entry points. Through this process, we would like to provide useful implications for Korean medical institutions' entry into China. To achieve the purpose of this study, literature survey, case analysis and TOPSIS method were conducted. In detail, the literature survey mainly investigated reports from government- affiliated organizations such as the 「National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China」, 「National Bureau of Statistics」, 「The State Council The People's Republic of China」, 「Korea Health Industry Development Institute」. Case analysis aims to discover factor characteristics by focusing on specific cases. Therefore, we tried to uncover the success factors by adopting 'United Family Healthcare', which is highly regarded in terms of brand recognition. In addition, in order to derive the development potential index, it was based on the 2018 basic data of the 『China Sanitary Health Statistics Yearbook』. At the same time, the TOPSIS method, which is one of the multi-factor decision-making methods, was used and calculated using an Excel (Microsoft 365) program. As a result of this study, first, five models of entry into foreign-funded medical institutions were presented. One is to attract foreign capital in the course of institutional reform of public hospitals. Two, China's private capital and foreign capital are jointly invested to establish a hospital, but the medical staff adopts a public hospital's business organization method. Three, it is a model that places importance on the professionalism of the treatment system by introducing the operating method of the Hong Kong Hospital when establishing a foreign medical institution. Four, it is a hospital type that provides high-end medical services to foreign and high-income customers. Five, it is a general hospital established by applying American hospital standards as it is. Secondly, one of the success factors discovered through United Family Healthcare was to pursue a differentiation strategy from Chinese medical institutions through the introduction of a global management system. Two, they are rapidly adapting to changes in the market environment. Three, we provide high-quality medical services tailored to patients. Four, it differentiates regional distribution and manpower management systems. Five, along with the introduction of the latest medical technology, it provides continuous employee training programs. Third, the provinces with the highest potential for development of non-public hospitals were in the order of Jiangsu, Guangdong, Henan, Gansu, Hebei, Hubei and Shandong. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to prepare detailed strategies such as rational entry types, benchmarking of success factors, and establishment of appropriate entry points in order for Korean medical institutions to enter the market stably. At the same time, in order to develop the medical service sector in Korea and China to a more stable and high level, it is proposed to expand the human exchange through training programs and field trips between medical schools and medical institutions in both countries.