쌍대이론을 이용한 수산경영체의 생산요소 투입 최적화 방안 연구

Abstract

The catch of the anchovy drag net fishery accounts for about 18% of the offshore fisheries, and is highly importance in terms of industry due to the high average number of tons of fishing vessel, horsepower, and crew per permit. However, due to the deterioration of the anchovy resources, the catch of anchovy drag net fishery has been reduced, and the burden of wages and fuel costs is increasing. Therefore, this study proposed a way to improve not only the economic efficiency of the anchovy drag net fishery by estimating the production function but also performing optimization analysis using duality theory. The results of this study are summarized as follows. Firstly, the Gavaris general linear model was used to standardize the different fishing efforts of 15 offshore fisheries. As a result of estimating the CYP model based on the standardization results, all coefficients of the model were statistically significant at the significance level of 10% or less. Using the biological coefficients estimated through the above model, it was estimated that the fisheries resources of the anchovy drag net fishey was continuously decreasing. Secondly, the production function of the anchovy drag net fishery and elasticity by production factor were estimated. In the process of estimating the Cobb-Douglas production function, there was no autocorrelation and multicollinearity, but heteroscedasticity was found. The production function was estimated using the FGLS method. As a result, it was estimated that the elasticity of the crew was 0.1151, the number of horsepower was 0.2462, and the amount of aquatic resources was 0.6281. Thirdly, as a result of optimization analysis in terms of profit maximization, the optimal number of crews at the anchovy drag net fleet was estimated to be about 12, the horsepower was estimated to be about 26,625, and the fisheries resource was estimated to be about 2,430tons. Comparing the results with the average input level of production factors at the current fleet, it was estimated that profit would be maximized if the number of crews decreased and the number of horsepower increased, even if the fisheries resources decreased. Subsequently, the profit of the anchovy drag net fleet was analyzed to be about 24,168,000won at the level of profit maximization. Additionally, the producer surplus estimated by the supply function of the anchovy drag net fleet was analyzed to be about 24,174,000won. Fourthly, in terms of cost minimization, the optimal number of crew members, horsepower, and fisheries resources at the anchovy drag net fleet were similar to the level of profit maximization. In addition, the total cost of the anchovy drag net fleet at the cost minimization level was estimated to be 2,255,922,000won, and the cost per catch was analyzed to be 1,625,000won. Also, the producer surplus of the fleet estimated was 24,174,000won, which is the same as the producer surplus at the profit maximization level. Hence, it was analyzed that a strong duality exists between the problems of maximizing profit and minimizing cost. The policy implications based on the results of this study are as follows. First, in order to restore anchovy resources, it is necessary to manage anchovy catch by the anchovy drag net fishery under the TAC system. Second, in order to ease the burden of labor costs and difficulties in recruiting crews, it is necessary to automate the anchovy drag net fleet to escape from labor-intensive fisheries. Lastly, considering the fisheries conditions in which fisheries resources are currently deteriorating, it will be possible to survive only when it changes from labor-intensive fisheries to capital-intensive fisheries by increasing the horsepower of the fleet.