온실가스 배출량 저감을 고려한 근해어업의 최적 생산 분석

Abstract

This study aimed to find the optimal production of the Large Purse Seine, one of the most important fisheries in South Korea, considering the reduction of Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. The contents of the study are divided into three categories: estimation of GHG emission, stock assessment, bioeconomic analysis. The estimation of the GHG emission by catching activity and the stock assessment on the major caught species were conducted. Furthermore, using the analyzed results above, bioeconomic analysis was used to examine the optimal production of the Large Purse Seine. GHG emissions were estimated based on oil consumption data. Using the total GHG emissions and the total catch of the Large Purse Seine, the unit emission of the GHG per catch was calculated, resulting in approximately 1.24 tons of GHG per ton of catch. For the stock assessment of chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus), Bayesian state-space implementation of the Schaefer model (BSS) was used. As a result, the biomass of chub mackerel is continuously decreasing, which was lower than that of BMSY. Therefore, additional fisheries management would be required as the species biomass decline. Based on the results above, the changes in the biomass of chub mackerel and profit(NPV) of Large Purse Seine according to the level of GHG emission reduction for the next 30 years were examined with bioeconomic analysis. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the amount of mackerel resources would be recovered as the level of greenhouse gas emission reduction was increased. However, in the case of fishery profit, it would be lower than the current level due to the GHG reduction emission, making optimal production impossible. Therefore, it seems that additional measures are needed to achieve the optimal production level with the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, vessel buy-back program and replacement of devices for GHG reduction were considered as additional measures. Optimal production would be possible when the vessel buy-back program was considered, but optimal production was impossible when the replacement of devices was considered. This study suggests that optimal production is impossible even if greenhouse gas emissions are reduced under the current fishery structure. Therefore, in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the future, a vessel buy-back program and replacement of devices need to be implemented together with the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.